Minerals
A mineral's streak is the color of its what?
Powder
All igneous rocks form from what?
Magma or Lava
Small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things is what?
Sediment
Any rock that forms from another rock as a result of changes in heat and pressure is called what?
Metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rock can become magma through the process of what?
Melting
What test do geologists use to determine the hardness of a mineral?
Scratch Test
Igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface is called what?
Extrusive Rock
The process that presses sediments together is called what?
Compaction
What two metamorphic rocks are important materials for building and sculpture?
Marble and Slate
Igneous rock can become metamorphic rock through the process of what?
Heat and Pressure
The repeating pattern of a mineral's particles forms a solid called what?
Crystal
Igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath the surface of Earth is called what?
Intrusive Rock
The White House in Washington, D.C. is built of what?
Sandstone
What term describes the thin, flat layering found in most metamorphic rocks?
Foliated
Volcanic activity will turn magma and lava into what?
Igneous Rock
List the following minerals from softest to hardest:
Talc
Diamond
Calcite
Feldspar
Talc, Calcite, Feldspar, Diamond
People throughout history have used igneous rocks for what?
Tools and building materials
What is the process called by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it?
Deposition
How do geologists classify metamorphic rocks?
According to the arrangement of the grains making up the rocks
Heat and Pressure will turn sedimentary rock into what?
Metamorphic Rock
What term describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way?
Fracture
How are igneous rocks classified?
Origin, texture, and mineral composition
What are the three major groups of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic, Organic, and Chemical
Metamorphic rocks are what, if their mineral grains are arranged randomly?
Nonfoliated
Weathering and Erosion can turn all types of rocks into what?
Sediment