Minerals
A naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with consistent chemical composition
What is a mineral?
This type of rock forms from magma or lava that cools and hardens
What is igneous rock?
Loose fragments of rock, minerals, and organic material that result from erosion and weathering.
What are sediments?
All metamorphic rocks form from these:
What are existing igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks?
The building blocks of rocks
What are minerals?
This mineral is usually colorless, brilliant luster, a strong crystalline structure with a hardness of 10, and is made of carbon
What is a diamond?
The way in which a mineral reflects light
What is luster?
The two types of igneous rock which are identified by where the magma cools and hardens.
What is intrusive and extrusive igneous rock?
The process by which sediment is squeezed and squished together, creating layers.
What is compaction?
The change in the shape of the rock in response to pressure or stress.
What is deformation?
The material that makes up the solid parts of the Earth
What is rock?
A course-grained, intrusive igneous rock found in many different colors, making up most of the continental crust, and often used as building materials, counters, and road beds.
What is granite?
The standard scale which rates the hardness of minerals
What is Mohs hardness scale?
Magma that cools and hardens inside the crust and forms large, course-grained textured rocks are classified as this:
What is intrusive igneous rock?
What are fossils?
The process in which one type of rock changes into a metamorphic rock because of chemical processes or changes in temperature and pressure
What is metamorphism?
Rocks are classified into three major types based on how they form
What are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic?
An organic sedimentary rock that form from the remains of ancient plants that were buried and decayed and then compacted, made mostly of carbon and used as an energy source throughout the world.
What is coal?
What is density?
Lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface and forms small, fine-grained textured rock.
What is extrusive igneous rock?
The process by which sediments are glued together by minerals deposited by water.
What is cementation?
Metamorphic rocks have either of these two textures.
What is foliated and nonfoliated?
The geologic forces and processes that cause rock to change from one type to another is known as this:
What is the rock cycle?
A non-foliated metamorphic rock formed by the compression of limestone, usually light in color, and was used in the creation of ancient structures and sculptures but is very susceptible to chemical weathering by acid rain
What is marble
The two main kinds of minerals
What are silicate and nonsilicate?
This type of igneous rock contains a large proportion of silica, making it light in color.
What is felsic?
The three classifications of sedimentary rock are based on the processes that formed them.
What are chemical, organic, and clastic sedimentary rock?
The metamorphic rock texture with minerals arranged in planes or bands (layers).
What is foliation?
How and where the rock formed determines this:
What are physical and chemical properties?
The seven physical properties that help distinguish one mineral from another
What are color, streak, luster, cleavage and fracture, hardness, crystal shape, and density?