How do you tell how much silica a rock has by color?
Low silica = dark color
High silica = light color
100
Igneous rocks are made from cooling of ______________.
Lava/Magma
100
Sedimentary rocks are made from sediment _________________ together.
Squeezed (pressure)
100
The word "metamorphic" means...
Change
200
What is the difference between rock and a mineral?
Rocks are made up of more than one kind of mineral.
200
What does origin of a rock mean?
Where the rock comes from
200
Magma cools slower than lava because...
Magma is underneath the ground/inside the volcano so it cools slowly.
200
Where does sediment come from?
Weathering/erosion of other rocks --> when other rocks become smaller pieces
200
What two things are needed to make metamorphic rocks?
Heat and Pressure
300
Name at least 3 characteristics of a mineral.
1) Inorganic
2) Has crystal structure
3) Solid
4) Occurs naturally
5) Definite chemical composition
300
What does the composition of a rock mean?
What minerals make up the rock
300
What is the difference between extrusive and intrusive rocks?
Extrusive rocks are made from lava outside the volcano and are fine-grained.
Intrusive rocks are made from magma inside the volcano and are coarse grained.
300
Explain the difference between clastic, organic, and chemical rocks.
Clastic = made from smaller rock pieces
Organic = made from once living things
Chemical = made from dissolved minerals
300
How are metamorphic rocks different from igneous or sedimentary rocks?
They have deformed characteristics through the twisting and changing through heat/pressure.
400
Is coal a mineral or not? Why or why not?
Coal is made up of organic material, has more than one chemical composition, and does not have a crystal structure.