Minerals
Name 1 of the five things to be considered a mineral.
Inorganic
Crystalline Structure
naturally occurring
fixed chemical composition
What is the best test to identify minerals?
Streak Test
What is luster?
The way in which a mineral reflects light.
What are the three types of rocks?
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
What is one way igneous rock forms?
intrusively, from lava
Minerals are the building blocks of ____________.
Rocks
Minerals that help form rocks are called:
Rock Forming Minerals
The scale that rates the hardness of minerals is the
Moh's Hardness Scale
from the crystallization of magma and lava.
List one way rocks can be broken down into sediments
Water/Ice
Erosion
Weathering
Where on Earth are minerals formed?
Magma Chambers
Why does the streak test work better than the color test to identify minerals?
What is sulfur?
The resistance of a mineral to being scratched is called ___________.
Hardness
What is the most common type of rock that covers 75% of the Earth?
Sedimentary Rock
___________ is when magma/lava encounter existing rock & burns/scorches it.
Contact Metamorphism
These minerals make up 90% of Earth's crust and contain Silicon & Oxygen.
Silicate Minerals
What is Cleavage?
How a mineral breaks into flat surfaces
What are the three types of fractures?
Conchoidal
Subconchoidal
Irregular or Uneven
When water, sand, and other particles act as natural glue which bonds sediments together this is called:
Cementation
What is Compaction?
Exerting pressure
What is the least reliable test to identify minerals?
The Color Test
All minerals have __________ but not all have _____________.
fractures, cleavage
How is cleavage rated?
1=Perfect
2=Good
3=Bad/None
Metamorphic rocks form by:
heat and pressure changing existing rocks
List the three classifications of Sedimentary Rock
Organic/Bioclastic
Inorganic/Clastic
Crystalline/Chemical