Show:
Minerals
Rocks
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
100
What term describes how light is reflected from a mineral's surface?
luster
100
When the grains in a rock are small, and often only visible with a microscope, the rock is described as _____________________.
fine grained
100
this is a general term for small particles of rock or remains of living things that make up sedimentary rocks
sediment
100
Out of the following, which is an igneous rock? A. sandstone B. granite C. Slate D. Marble
B. Granite (your favorite)
100
a term for metamorphic rocks that have grains arranged in parallell layers or bands
foliated
200
What mineral has a hardness of 1? is this mineral very hard?
talc; no, 1 is the lowest number on Mohs Hardness scale
200
Surprise! A Mineral question: what does a mineral's streak tell you, and how do you test for it?
The streak can tell the color of the mineral in powder form. This streak test is helpful in telling apart 2 minerals of the same color. even though the minerals look alike, their streak is often different. You test for streak by rubbing it against a piece of unglazed tile or streak plate.
200
How do extrusive and intrusive rocks compare?
They are both igneous rocks. Extrusive cools quickly on the Earth's surface, having smaller crystals. Intrusive cools more slowly beneath the Earth's surface, having larger crystals.
200
what are the 2 forces capable of changing any rock onto a metamorphic rock?
heat and pressure
300
Deposits of halite formed over millions of years when ancient seas slowly _____________, leaving behind salt crystals. Similar halite deposits are found in the American Southwest along the Gulf Coast.
evaporated
300
the process of breaking up rocks by freezing and thawing, plant roots, acid...
weathering
300
How do Breccia and Conglomerate rocks differ?
They are both sedimentary rocks, but conglomerate has rounded edges and breccia has sharp edges
300
Do you find Lava or Magma on the Earth's surface?
Lava (Magma is the term for liquid hot igneous rock beneath the Earth's surface)
300
out of the following rocks, which are metamorphic? A. sandstone B. quartz C. quartzite D. Limestone
C. quartzite
400
List 4 characteristic properties used to IDENTIFY minerals
color, luster, streak, hardness, density, crystal structure, cleavage & fracture, special properties
400
How does a geode form?
A geode is a rounded hollow rock, lined with mineral crystals. the crystals probably form inside when water containing dissolved minerals seeps into a crack or hollow in the rock. slowly, crystallization occurs, lining the inside with large crystals. Crystallization is the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material that has a crystal structure.
400
List the 5 steps of Sedimentary Rock formation in order
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
400
List 2 ways people use igneous rocks
ancient Egyptians--statues (granite); Incas of Peru (Ollantaytambo)--Fortresses (granite & igneous rock); bridges & public buildings (granite); granite used for curbstones & floors; igneous rock & basalt can be used for cobblestones, landscaping, and roads; obsidian to make sharp tools for cutting and scraping (Native Americans)
400
how is marble formed?
limestone is subjected to heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth's surface
500
List 4 of the 5 requirements for a substance to be classified as a mineral
Naturally occurring, solid, crystal structure, forms by inorganic processes, definite chemical composition
500
How are gneiss and obsidian similar and different?
similar: both are rocks different: obsidian is igneous rock which forms quickly as lava cools on the Earth's surface; gneiss is transformed from granite under great pressure and heat. Obsidian is dark and glassy while gneiss is banded and fine-grained
500
Name a Sedimentary rock, one usage, and what characteristics make it appropriate for this usage.
chert--spearheads, flint--arrowheads,hard rock, can be shaped to a point; sandstone/ limestone--building material, soft enough to be cut into blocks/ slabs; sandstone--White House, Washington, DC; limestone--cement & steel, industrial uses
500
Where do metamorphic rocks usually form?
IN mountains or near large masses of igneous rock. THis is because they form under pressure and hot conditions. Mountains are formed when plates push together, conditions of great pressure. Being near a pocket of magma provides heat for metamorphosis. Metamorphic rocks are rarely found on the Earth's surface because this location does not provide the pressure or heat necessary to transform rocks into metamorphic rock.
500
Name a Metamorphic rock, one usage, and what characteristics make it appropriate for this usage.
Marble--statues & buildings (tower of Pisa), even grained, easy to cut into thin slabs or carved into shapes, easy to polish Slate--foliated, roofing, outdoor walkways, trim for stone buildings, splits easily into flat pieces