Variables
Levels of Measurement
Sampling
Reliability
Validity
100

Something that never changes - like pi (3.14 ) or temperature at freezing (32 degrees F). 

What is a constant? 

100

Gender (Male, Female, Transgender, Nonbinary). 

What is a nominal variable? 

100

Considered a non-probability sampling technique, you select people who are easy to find. 

What is convenience sampling (or self-selection sampling)? 

100

The degree of consistency or precision that a measurement instrument provides. 

What is reliability? 

100

Determines if an instrument accurately measures what it is supposed to. 

What is validity? 

200

Defining a concept in clear, measurable terms

What is operationalize? 

200
Strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, strongly disagree
What is an ordinal variable? 
200

Each person in the population has an equal chance at being selected.

What is simple random sampling? 

200

Administering the same instrument multiple times to the same group of individuals. 

What is the test-retest method? 

200

Asks if the instrument captures the construct it intends to measure

What is construct validity?

300

Different categories of a variable you can select. 

What are attributes? 

300

Age

What is a ratio variable? 

300

People are selected based on the researcher's judgment. 

What is purposive sampling? 

300

Administering equivalent forms of an instrument to the same group of people. 

What is the alternate-forms method? 

300

Asks if the instrument adequately measures the major dimensions of the variable selected

What is content validity?

400

An operational definition is a process by which a researcher defines how a variable is ___________ and ______________. 

What are observed and measured? 

400

-32 Degrees Farenheit

What is an interval variable? 

400

Commonly used with hard-to-reach populations, an existing participant is identified and then asked to recruit others they know.

What is snowball sampling?

400

Splitting an instrument in half and administering both halves to a group of people. Compare the scores to determine the reliability of an instrument. 

What is the split-half method? 
400

Asks if the instrument appears to measure what it intends to measure

What is face validity?

500

This is the active variable in the study, said to cause or predict a proposed behavior. 

What is an independent variable? 
500

Primary school, high school/GED, college diploma, graduate school. 

What is an ordinal variable? 

500

The population is divided into smaller groups of representative characteristics (ex: race, gender, education level, etc.) A random sample from each group, or strata, is then selected. 

What is stratified random sampling? 

500

The statistical calculation used to determine good test-retest reliability 

What is the reliability coefficient?

500

Asks if the measure can predict probable behavior on a second, external but comparable criterion

What is criterion validity?