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What type of resource has IT become, according to Nicholas Carr?
A commodity.
What framework does the article use to analyze IT’s role in sustained competitive advantage?
The resource-based view (RBV)
What historical technology does Carr compare IT to, stating it follows the same pattern of commoditization?
Electricity.
What are the three core functions of IT that have become standardized?
Data storage, data processing, and data transport
What IT model allows companies to access computing resources like a utility service?
Utility computing
What are five IT attributes analyzed in the article as possible sources of sustained competitive advantage?
Capital requirements, switching costs, proprietary technology, technical IT skills, and managerial IT skills
What are three factors that make managerial IT skills difficult to imitate?
History, causal ambiguity, and social complexity
What aspect of business strategy becomes more critical when IT is commoditized?
Process innovation
Why do IT-based competitive advantages disappear quickly?
They are easily replicated and standardized