Islam Basics
What does “Islam” mean?
Islam means “submission” (or “complete obedience” or “total surrender”).
In what land was Muhammad born?
Muhammad was born in Arabia
What is a jihad ?
A jihad is a holy war.
In the Eastern Empire, or Byzantium, the language of the Church was
Greek
In Islam, war on non–believers is called
Jihad
What does the word “Muslim” mean?
Muslim means “one who submits.”
A successor to Muhammad is called a
Caliph
Who was Muhammad's successor
Abu-Bakr
The bishop of Constantinople whose nickname meant “golden mouth” because of his preaching ability was ________________________.
St. John Chrysostom
As ruler of Medina what did Muhammad use to spread Islam?
Jihad or Holy War
What is the Muslim holy book called?
The Qua"an or Koran
The visions Muhammad received led him to proclaim his teachings in sermons called ______, which were collected in the book called the _______.
Suras, the Qur'an or Koran
The Caliph Al-Mansur’s new capital that he built on the Tigris River in 762 was called ________.
Bagdad
Which two countries did the Byzantine Empire not include?
Briton nor Germany
Who was the last Roman Emperor to Rule both the Eastern and Western Roman Empires.
Theodosius
The ___________ is the temple that Muslims believe Abraham built and in which he placed a black rock said to be given to Adam by God.
The Kaaba
What is the basic teaching of Muhammad?
The basic teaching of Muhammad is “there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet.”
The religious capital of Islam is the city of _________, and the cultural center during the Golden Age was _______.
Mecca, Bagdad
Who was the Byzantine emperor who reconquered large portions of Europe and North Africa that had been originally part of the Roman Empire?
Justinian
In 711, the Muslims were stopped in France at the Battle of ______ by the Frankish leader _________________.
Tours
Charles Martel
The Five Pillars of Islam
What is
Belief in one God (Allah)
Prayer Five Times a Day
Almsgiving
The fast of Ramadan
The Pilgrimage to Mecca
What did Muhammad believe about Jesus Christ?
Muhammad thought Jesus was a creature of God but not God himself. He thought Jesus was a great prophet, but not so great as Muhammad himself.
Two mathematical legacies of the Islamic Golden Age
Algebra and The Concept of Zero
Name the four patriarchates of the Eastern Church.
The four patriarchates of the Eastern Church are Constantinople, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Alexandria.
Please list two accomplishments of the Emperor Justinian.
a) He reconquered large sections of the former western Roman Empire, including Italy, parts of Spain, and North Africa.
b) He brought about the reform of Roman law.
c) He rebuilt, in a glorious manner, Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.