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RESEARCH ARTICLES
Research ARticles 2
Terms and concepts
Terms and concepts.
Course Topics
100
Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Limitations
What are the main parts of the research article?
100
|An article goes through an official editorial process that involves review, judging and approval by the author's peers
What is a peer reviewed article?
100

Relating to, or resulting from the influence of human beings on nature.

What is anthropogenic?

100
Plastic bags, bottle caps, tires, fishing gear
What is marine debris?
100

One of the worst oil spills. 

What happened in the Gulf of Mexico? 

What happened on the Deep Horizon/ with the BP company?

200
University of Hawaii, Mote Labratory,
What are the credentials?
200
The potential for ingestion of plastic particles by open ocean filter feeders was assessed by measuring the relative abundance and mass of neustonic plastic and zooplankton near the central high-pressure area of the North Pacific central gyre
What is the method of the research?
200
Capable of decomposing in nature within a reasonably short period of time.
What is biodegradable?
200
participants or samples
Who are the subjects of the study?
200

Mayonnaise

What was used to clear the oil and tar from the turtoes?

300
Dixon, T.J., Dixon, T.R., 1981. Marine litter distribution and composition in the North Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 14, 145–148.
What is a bibliography? Or what is a reference?
300
Marine debris is a visible expression of human impact on the marine environment. Debris is more than an aesthetic problem, posing a danger to marine organisms through ingestion and entanglement (Day 1980, Balazs 1985, Fowler 1987, Ryan 1987, Robards 1993, Bjorndal et al. 1994, Laist 1997). The number of marine mammals that die each year due to ingestion and entanglement approaches 100,000 in the North Pacific Ocean alone (Wallace 1985).
What is the real world problem?
300

A gyre is a large system of rotating ocean currents.

What is a gyre?

300

When marine fauna dies..

What is marine defaunation

300

North Pacific Gyre

What topic did Charles Moore study?

Where is the largest accumulation of plastic?

400
The impacts of litter on marine wildlife, tourism and human health have been documented (Dixon and Dixon, 1981; Joyner and Frew, 1991; Corbin and Singh, 1993; Williams et al., 1993; Philipp et al., 1994).
What is a citation?
400
Many studies have focused on the ingestion of small debris by birds because their stomach contents can be regurgitated by researchers in the field without causing harm to the animal
What is the previous research?
400
A general term for the entire community of microscopic free-floating organisms,
What is plankton?
400

is a common name for a phenomenon known as an algal bloom

What is red tide?

400
oil boom, in situ burning, oil dispersants

What are the methods used to clean up oil spills?

500
More research, especially long-term monitoring programs can provide input for conservation management and evidence that could be used to demand from local and regional authorities more efforts to mitigate the problem.
What is a recommendation for real world.
500
Less well studied are the effects of ingestible debris on fish, and no studies have been conducted on filter-feeding organisms, whose feeding mechanisms do not permit them to distinguish between debris and plankton. Moreover, no studies have compared the amount of neustonic debris to that of plankton to assess the potential effects on filter feeders.
What is the purpose of current research?
500
CO2 forms carbonic acid when it dissolves in water, and the oceans are soaking up more and more of it
What is ocean acidification?
500
is a form of overexploitation in which fish stocks are depleted to unacceptable levels, regardless of water body size
What is overfishing?
500

Boytan Slat

Who developed established the ocean clean up vessel