Functions
What is the name of the main form of the energy created by the mitochondrion?
ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Do mitochondria have ribosomes attached?
Yes - mitoribosomes (70S ribosomes)
What are Mitochondrial Diseases?
Diseases or disorders that occur when mitochondria fail to function properly. Loss of energy output leads to cell damage or death.
where is the Mitochondria located?
in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell
Mitochondria are crucial for the _____ of several important molecules.
Synthesis
What is the range of average diameter of mitochondrion?
0.5 - 10 micrometers
What is the most common Mitochondrial disease?
Leigh Syndrome
Why do some cell types require more mitochondria than others?
They require more energy
What is the energy making process called when it occurs in the mitochondrion?
Cellular respiration
What is the name of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion?
The Cristae
What are common symptoms of Leigh Syndrome? Get 3 to win points.
Breathing difficulty, cardiac issues, vision loss and deterioration of optic nerves, dementia, muscle problems, diarrhea, vomiting, difficulty swallowing, hypotonia, chronic crying for babies, poor head control and reflexes
Can mitochondria move within the cell or are they stationary?
They are dynamic organelles that can move along the cytoskeleton, specifically microtubules
What is the function of the cristae in the mitochondrion?
Provide a large surface area for ATP to be synthesized
What are some similar organelles to the mitochondrion found in cells without a mitochondrion? Guess 1 out 2 to win points.
Mitosome, hydrogenosome
What disease occurs when mitochondrial DNA is deleted?
Kearns-Sayre syndrome
Do prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have mitochondria
No
The mitochondrion acts as the cell’s ____ by processing information
Brain
According to the theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells by endosymbiosis, how did mitochondria evolve to be an organelle?
The theory states that mitochondria were once free-living prokaryotes which developed the process of aerobic respiration, which were taken in by larger prokaryotic cells, which, prior to engulfing the mitochondria, were only able to respire anaerobically.
In Kearns-Saye syndrome, what is the specific mutation causing the disease? What is a more direct result of the disease?
4997-nucleotide deletion; loss of 12 proteins used in energy production pathway within mitochondria.
Mitochondria are not only free-floating in the cytoplasm but can also form networks near this organelle to regulate calcium and energy signaling.
Endoplasmic Reticulum