Phases of Mitosis
The first phase of mitosis
Prophase
General name for all parts of the cell cycle before mitosis
Interphase
The purpose of cell cycle checkpoints
To control the cell cycle and ensure its proper progression
A long molecule containing a cells DNA
Chromosome
A disease where cells divide uncontrollably
Cancer
The phase in which the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell
Metaphase
The first gap phase, where the cell grows and otherwise functions normally
G1 phase
Checkpoint that checks for spindle attachment during metaphase
M checkpoint
Two identical copies of a chromosome formed during DNA replication
Sister Chromatids
This addictive chemical found in cigarettes and other products can lead to cellular mutations
Nicotine
The phase in which two new nucleuses are formed
Telophase
The phase in which the cell prepares for mitosis
G2 phase
Cells will enter this state if they do not pass the G1 checkpoint
G0 state
Controlled cell death
Apoptosis
A tumor in which cancer cells will not spread to other parts of the body
Benign tumor
The phase where mitotic spindle first starts to form
Prophase
S phase
This checkpoint can lead to apoptosis if it detects irreparable DNA damage
G2 phase
Body cells that go through mitosis
Somatic cells
Cancer cells are able to divide this much in culture before stopping
If a cell has an extra chromosome, the error likely occurred during this phase
Anaphase
The final phase of the cell cycle
Cytokinesis
These cells can enter the G0 state permanently
Neurons
Small tubular structures that make up the mitotic spindle used to separate chromosomes
Microtubules
The term for when cancer cells separate from a tumor and spread to other parts of the body
Metastasis