Regulation of Cell Cycle
Throughout the cell cycle there are _____.
Checkpoints
What is the difference between Somatic Cells and Gametes?
Somatic - body cells
Gametes - egg/sperm cells
List the Phases of Mitosis?
PMAT
Should you smoke?
ask Mr.Harshman
What happens to a cell that gets stopped at the G1 checkpoint?
Goes to the G0
What is the difference between diploid and haploid and how do each divide?
Diploid - 2n, divide by mitosis
Haploid - n, divide by meiosis
What pahse in Mitosis do two daughter nuclei form and chromosomes becoem less condenses?
Telophase and Cytokinesis
What do Mitosis and Meiosis both produce?
Cells
If damage cannot be reparied the cell will undergo ____. What is it?
It will undergo apoptosis.
- Programmed cell death
What is Malignant tumor?
Mass of cancerous cells that lose their anchorage dependency and can leave the tumor site.
What is the difference between Plant and Animals cells in Cytokinesis?
Animals: a cleavage furrow appears
Plants: vesicles produced by the Golgi travel to the middle of the cell and form a cell plate
What causes cancer?
Accumulation of mutations in genetic material
What is the difference between Internal and External cell cycle regulators?
Internal occurs nside the cells.
External is like a hormone coming outside of the cells.
What is Benign tumor?
Cells are abnormal, but not considered to be cancerous (yet).
Cells remain at only the tumor site and are uanble to spread elsewhere in the body.
What structres are responsible for creating the spindle?
Centrioles
What is the shortest phase of mitosis?
Metaphase
What is anchorage dependence?
Cells rely on attachement to other cells or the extracellular matrix to divide.
What is the difference between Normal and Cancer Cells? List 3 differences
Normal Cells
- Follow Checkpoints
- Divide on average 20-50 times in culture (petri dishes)
- Go through apoposis when there are significant errors
Cancer Cells
- do not follow checkpoints
- Divide infinitely when in culture
- Considered to be "immortal"
- Evade apoptosis and continue dividing even with errors
What are cyclins?
Proteins that control mitosis
WHAT SHOULD U DO IN THE SUMMER IF YOU'RE PLANNING TO GO OUTSIDE?
frist off: sunscreeennnnnn
WATERRRR
HYDRATEEEE YOURSELFFF!!
alsoooo, don't forget to wear sealbelts!