Life Cycle of Cell
Beginning phase of cell life, where the cell grows and gathers information
G1 Phase
Tumors that interfere with the function of the surrounding tissue.
Malignant
Benign
Process to make an identical copy of a cell.
Mitosis
Chromatid
Four phases of a cell's life in order
G1, S, G2, M
Genes that tell the cell to stop advancing through the cell cycle.
Tumor Suppressors
Genes that tell the cells to "go ahead" through the cell cycle.
Proto-oncogenes.
Anaphase
Process by which the cell is divided into two identical daughter cells--may overlap telophase.
Cytokinesis
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
What is it called when parts of the tumor break off and spread to other parts of the body?
Metastasize
Name 3 risk factors for cancer
Age, Alcohol consumption, High fat low fiber diet, tobacco, lack of exercise.
Phase in which the chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope disappears, and the spindle forms.
Prophase
After DNA replicates in the S phase, each chromosome consists of two double helixes, called two whats?
Sister Chromatid
Phase where the cell prepares to divide.
G2
Where are the cell checkpoints in cellular reproduction that cancer cells pass through too quickly?
End of G1, G2, and during the M.
Mutations associated with ovarian and breast cancer.
BRCA 1 and 2
Phase in which the sister chromatids line up on the equator of the cell.
Metaphase
Binary fission
What happens in the S phase of cell life?
DNA is replicated. (1 chromatid in each chromosome--> 2 sister chromatids in each chromosome.)
Mutated tumor suppressor gene implicated in many skin cancers
TB53
2 other types of mutation (Not oncogenes or tumor suppressors) that lead to increase in danger of cancer?
Mutations in genes important for blood vessel growth (Angiogenesis) and mutations dealing with adhesion.
What phase reverses the first phase? (The chromosomes relax, the nuclear envelope forms, and the spindle is disassembled.)
Telophase
General in the American Revolutionary war; met initial success with the influential taking of Fort Ticonderoga, but failed in the South against Cornwallis, leading to his replacement by Nathaniel Greene.