Prophase
True or False: During prophase, the nuclear envelope remains intact to protect the DNA.
False
During which specific sub-phase of interphase does the cell copy its genetic material?
S phase
During metaphase of mitosis, where do the chromosomes align?
metaphase plate
What is the primary event that occurs during anaphase of mitosis?
Sister Chromatids seperate
Which of the following is often described as "prophase in reverse"?
Telophase
Which structure, made of microtubules, begins to form during prophase to help move chromosomes later?
The Spindle
What are the primary activities of the G1 phase?
Growth of the cell
Which of the following describes the state of chromosomes during metaphase?
most condensated plate
If a human cell (46 chromosomes) undergoes anaphase of mitosis, how many individual chromosomes are being pulled toward the two poles in total?
92
During telophase, what happens to the chromosomes?
They decondense back into threadlike chromatin
What specific physical change happens to the genetic material (DNA) at the start of prophase?
The chromatin transfers
True or False: Chromosomes are highly condensed and clearly visible under a standard light microscope during interphase.
False
In human how many chromatids are present during metaphase of mitosis?
Spindle fibers
What is the defining event of anaphase in mitosis?
Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
How does cytokinesis differ in plant cells compared to animal cells?
Plant cells form a cell plate from Golgi vesicles
What happens to the nucleolus during this phase?
It disassembles and disappears
What is the name of this structure, and during which specific sub-phase of interphase does it replicate?
centrosome; S phase
What structure is responsible for moving and aligning the chromosomes?
92 chromatids, 46 chromosomes, each with 2 sister chromatids
Which stage of cell division occurs after anaphase?
Telophase
When does cytokinesis typically begin?
Late anaphase or early telophase
During prophase, the two centrosomes begin to move toward opposite poles of the cell. What is the primary reason for this movement?
Microtubules growing between them lengthen and push them apart.
List the three main sub-phases of interphase in the correct chronological order.
G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
True or False: Metaphase is generally one of the shortest phases of mitosis.
True
Which phase of mitosis occurs immediately before anaphase?
Metaphase
What is the end result of successful mitosis and cytokinesis?
Two genetically identical daughter cells