Stages of Mitosis
What is Prophase
The first stage of mitosis. Chromatin coils into chromosomes. Nuclear envelope dispersers
What is the purpose of mitosis
To create a new cell
What does the G1 stage do?
The cell grows and duplicates organelles
What are Spindle fibers?
dynamic protein structures (microtubules) that form during cell division (mitosis and meiosis) in eukaryotic cells
At what stage of mitosis is the cytoplasm divided?
Cytokinesis
What is metaphase
The second stage of mitosis. Chromosomes attach by centromeres to the spindle fibers and line up along the middle of the cell.
What does PMAT stand for?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
What does the S stage do?
A cell copies its chromosomes.
What is the Nuclear envelope?
A double-membrane barrier enclosing the nucleus in eukaryotic cells
What is anaphase?
The third stage of mitosis. Centromers split. Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
How many specialized cells do you have in your body (muscle cells, bone cells, ect)
200
What does the G2 stage do?
The cell grows and "checks" duplicated chromosomes.
What is chromatin?
The complex of DNA, RNA, and proteins (mainly histones) that forms chromosomes inside a cell's nucleus
What is telophase?
The last stage of mitosis. Chromatids reach the poles of the cell; the nuclear envelope forms around the chromosomes. Spindle fibers disappear.
The process of forming specialized cells is called what?
Differentiation
What happens if a cell fails to stop at a checkpoint?
It divides much more rapidly and lives much longer.
What are chromosomes?
Chromosomes are thread-like structures within the nucleus of cells that carry genetic information in the form of DNA, organized into long strands wrapped around proteins (histones) to fit inside the cell.
What is interphase?
The stage the cell is in before mitosis. The cell grows and duplicates organelles. A cell copies its chromosomes. Cell "Checks duplicated chromosomes".
What are some ways tumors can be treated?
Surgery and radiation therapy.
Mitosis is also known as?
Binary fission
What are chromatids?
one of the two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome, joined at the centromere, that separate during cell division to become individual chromosomes in daughter cells