The Cell Cycle
What are the stages of interphase?
G1, S, G2
What happens in the G1 stage?
Cells double in size
What are the 4 stages of mitosis? (in order)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
The process of cell division is called:
mitosis
Cells spend 90% of their lives in which phase?
interphase
What happens in the G2 stage?
Cells prepare for cell division
At what stage of mitosis are the chromosomes lined up equidistant from the poles of the cell?
Metaphase
What occurs in telophase?
nuclear membrane reappears & DNA uncoils
The cell cycle is driven by the activity of what biomolecule?
proteins
What happens in the S stage?
Synthesis of new DNA (DNA replication)
What occurs in Prophase?
Nuclear membrane disappears, DNA coils
At what stage of mitosis does chromatids split?
Anaphase
2 examples of cells that divide often:
Skin cells, Digestive tract cells
M phase is divided into what 2 stages?
Mitosis & Cytokinesis
What happens in Cytokinesis?
cytoplasm and organelles split into 2 identical daughter cells
If a cell fails a check point what normally happens?
attempt to repair the damage , If the damage cannot be repaired, the cell will undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death)
About how many cells in a human body?
37 Trillion
Nondividing cells (ex: nerve & muscle cells) are in what specific stage of the cell cycle?
G0
If a cell develops a mutation that allows it to bypass the checkpoints of the cell cycle, what could happen?
It could turn into a cancer cell, where it rapidly divides without normal growth signals
How do plant and animal cells differ in regard to cytokinesis?
Animal cells divide via a cleavage furrow, whereas plant cells divide by forming a new cell plate.
What are each of the checkpoints of the cell cycle? Which is the most important for regulating the cell cycle and why?
G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and M checkpoints. G1 is the most important because cells that pass through this checkpoint typically go through the entire cell cycle.
What is the mnemonic device used in the videos you watched to remember the steps of mitosis?
“Pass Me A Taco, Chef.”