Phases of Meiosis
The two cells are about to divide for a second time. Four haploid cells are taking shape.
What is telophase II
How many times does a cell go through meiosis?
What is two times
The order of the phases of mitosis
PMAT
The only type of cells that undergo meiosis
What are gametes
how are mitosis and meiosis different?
mitosis: diploid cells, somatic cells, PMAT happens once
meiosis: haploid cells, gametes, PMAT happens twice
Spindle fibers attach at the centromere to the the homologous chromosomes that are now aligned in the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase I
When DNA condenses to form chromosomes (Hint: its not prophase)
What is interphase
The type of cells where mitosis occurs.
What is body cells?
chromosomes that are the same size, same shape, and carry the same genes, but are not identical
What are homologous chromosomes
a human has 46 chromosomes in their diploid cells. how many are in their haploid cells?
23
The nucleus starts to fade and the chromosomes spread out inside the two new daughter cells.
What is prophase II
chromosomes line up at the equators of two cells and spindle fibers attach to their centromeres.
What is metaphase II
Name this phase: spindle fibers shorten which causes sister chromatids to get pulled apart
What is anaphase
Cells that only have one complete set of chromosomes. Half the chromosomes.
What is Haploid cells
an animal has 48 chromosomes in its gametes. how many chromosomes are in its haploid cells
48
Spindle fibers shorten causing the two homologs to be pulled apart.
What is Anaphase I?
Homologous chromosomes partner up inside the nucleus of the cell
What is prophase I
All the daughter cells at the end of mitosis have the same amount as the parent cells. The amount of chromosomes in the beginning are double and they are double at the end as well. These are known as what type of cells?
What is diploid cells?
A cell or nucleus containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Double the chromosomes
What is diploid cells
Meiosis is needed for this process
What is sexual reproduction
The cell begins to pinch in in the middle
What is Telophase I?
sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromere by spindle fibers
What is anaphase II
The three Interphases of the cell cycle and what they do to the cell.
What is G1, S, G2 (growth and synthesis (dna replication))
When chromosomes translocate a piece of genetic material onto their homologous pair
crossing over
Why do we not want homologous chromosomes to be identical?
Because we get one copy from each parent and we do not want our parent to be related.