Mitosis
What cells does mitosis make?
Somatic cells
What type of cells is being made from meiosis?
Gametes cells
Where the spindle fiber attaches...
Keinetocord
What happens when there is rapid cell growth?
cancer
What are the 3 phases of Interphase
G1
synthesis
G2
What is the end goal of Mitosis?
2 make two identical cells
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, same structure, and pair during meiosis?
homologous chromosomes
Regulated cell death
to control cell growth
what is the goal of Meiosis?
To create four genetically different cells
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telephase
What structure is responsible for moving the chromosomes during mitosis?
Spindle fibers
Number of chromosomes each parent cell (sperm or egg) contributes?
23
What is euploidy?
A change in the whole set of chromosomes
Name the 3 checkpoints to regulate the cell...
G1 checkpoint
G2 checkpoint
M checkpoint (spindle)
Explain the G2 phase
Growth and preparation for mitosis
During what phase does DNA make a copy of itself?
Interphase
Name 2 ways to achieve genetic diversity in Meiosis
-random assortment
-crossing over
- fertilization
What is it called when there are 3 copies of a chromosome instead of two?
Trisomy
What is cyclin?
A group of related protein associated with specific phases of the cell cycle
What comes after telophase?
cytokinesis
elophase is followed by cytokinesis, or the division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. The daughter cells that result from this process have identical genetic compositions.
Why is it important for DNA to be duplicated before mitosis?
To make sure that after cell division it gets the exact copy
An error in Meiosis which homologous chromosomes fail to separate creates a gamete with too many or too few chromosomes....
nondisjunction
Indication of cell surface during telophase?
cleavage furrow
what are sister chromatids
A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere
What is the G0 phase?
gap phase
this is when cells are in a phase that does not go through any cellular division