Mitosis vocabulary
These are identical copies of a chromosome connected at a centromere
Sister Chromatids
At this stage, the nucleus reforms and chromosomes uncoil back into chromatin.
Telophase
Crossing over occurs during this stage
Prophase I
Chromosomes that have the same genes in the same locations, one from each parent
homologous chromosomes
What is the region where spindle fibers attach during mitosis?
Kinetochore
In this phase, chromosomes line up along the cell’s equator.
Metaphase
During this phase, homologous chromosomes align in the center of the cell
Metaphase I
A paired set of homologous chromosomes (four chromatids total)
tetrad
The protein structures that organize microtubules during mitosis, found only in animal cells.
Centrioles
During this phase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes
Prophase
During this phase, sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles
Anaphase II
The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids in Prophase I
crossing over
Uncondensed, threadlike DNA found during interphase
Chromatin
During this phase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles.
Anaphase
At the end of this phase, two haploid cells are formed
Telophase I and Cytokinesis
Random alignment of homologous pairs during Metaphase I
Independent assortment
What is the difference between a chromosome and a chromatid?
A chromosome is condensed DNA; chromatids are duplicated copies joined at a centromere
Plants form a _______ when they under cytokinesis
cell plate
After this stage, four unique haploid cells are formed
Telophase II and cytokinesis
What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?
Diploid (2n) = two chromosome sets; Haploid (n) = one set