1
What do genes code for?
Proteins
Give an example of a undifferentiated cell
embryo or stem cell
True or false: mitosis increases genetic variation
False
Egg cell, sperm cell
Define Mitosis
1 parent cell divides into 2 genetically identical daughter cells
What is cancer?
uncontrolled cellular division (all lights are green)
How many chromosomes do cells that do not go through mitosis have?
23
Give 3 examples of differentiated cells
Muscle cell, bone cell, blood cell, immune cell, skin cell
State the location of hereditary material in the cell.
Nucleus
embryonic growth and daily growth
tissue repair and maintenance
creates cells for differentiation → complex organisms
Define Cell Differentiation/Specialization
unspecialized stem cells turn into specialized cells with distinct structures and functions (ex. muscle, nerve, or blood cells) by turning on specific genes
True or False: Skin cells and muscle cells have the same number of genes
True!
Explain what therapeutic stem cell applications are or provide an example
repairing, replacing, or regenerating damaged tissues and treating diseases
Suggest why certain genes are switched on permanently.
Some genes are necessary for survival of the organism
Why does a stem cell sometimes create a skin cell instead of a muscle cell?
Different genes are expressed in the two cells giving them different functions