G1/G0 Checkpoint
The G0 Checkpoint checks for three things, what are they?
This checkpoint checks for two things. What are they
What is DNA replication and DNA damage
This stage occurs during what process of Mitosis?
What is metaphase.
What enzymes are used for cyclins?
What are cyclin-dependent kinases.
How do normal cells become cancerous?
This checkpoint is regard as the most _____ checkpoint in Mitosis
What is important.
This phase occurs after what major phase in the cell cycle?
What is the S phase.
If the cell completes this checkpoint, where will it move onto in Mitosis?
What is anaphase.
How do enzymes regulate key events in the cell cycle/how do these enzymes work?
How do cancerous cells differ from normal cells?
What is:
1. They don't follow checkpoints
2. They divide infinitely and are considered immortal
3. They evade apoptosis
When cells are good to go through this checkpoint, the cell is sent to complete what cycle?
What is Mitosis.
If damage cannot be repaired, the cell will undergo what?
What does this checkpoint check for during metaphase?
What is microtubule attachment to chromosomes.
What are growth factors?
What are hormones released by cells that stimulate cell growth.
What can the build up of cancerous cells cause?
What is a tumor/malignancy.
When cells are unable to go through this checkpoint, they enter a nondividing(quiescent) state known as what?
What is G0
If the cell completes this checkpoint, the cell will move onto what?
What is mitosis.
Where do microtubules attach during metaphase/G2 checkpoint?
What is the kinetochore.
What is anchorage dependence?
What are:
1. Don't smoke
2. Eat/drink healthy
3. Use sunscreen
Muscles and nerves stay in this state/checkpoint forever.
What is the G0 state
If the cell is stopped in this checkpoint, the cell will attempt to ___ the damage.
What is repair.
When the cell is stopped in this phase, this allows for the ____ to attach to the chromosomes
What are spindles/spindle fibers.
What is cell contact inhibition?
What is cell surface receptors recognizing contact with other cells.
What is metastasis?
What is when cells separate from the tumor and spread to other parts of the body.