Basic
How many and what type of daughter cells does meiosis produce?
The process results in four daughter cells that are haploid
What is the outline of mitosis?
Mitosis consists of five morphologically distinct phases: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Each phase involves characteristic steps in the process of chromosome alignment and separate
What does mitosis have that meiosis does not? What's the Difference?
Mitosis produces two genetically identical “daughter” cells from a single “parent” cell, whereas meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent and contain only half as much DNA.
What is the number of chromosome in a human cell
46
During which phase does the second round of genetic variation occur during meiosis?
The second round of genetic variation in meiosis occurs in Prophase II
At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?
In anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell.
What is the outline of the meiosis process?
In meiosis, there are two rounds of nuclear division resulting in four nuclei and usually four haploid daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
What factors affect meiosis?
Four main factors have been recognized which effect or determine the duration of meiosis, namely
(1) environmental factors (e.g. temperature); (2) nuclear DNA content
(3) ploidy level of the organism;
(4) the genotype
Which is not a face of mitosis
Prephase
At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?
In anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell.
At metaphase I, homologous chromosomes are connected only at what structures?
during metaphase I homologous chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate and are held together at the chiasmata.
Outline the steps of meiosis in the correct order
Correct order: Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I and Cytokinesis
What problems can occur during meiosis?
The most common error of meiosis is nondisjunction, when chromatids fail to separate during either anaphase I or II, creating imbalances in the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell.
During the phase of mitosis which of the chromosomes line up along the collateral plate
Metaphase
What is a haploid cell produced in a diploid-dominant organism by meiosis called?
gamete
gametophyte
spore
sporophyte
gamete
why parent and daughter cells must have the same number of chromosomes. (Mitosis)
This is so that the cells can have the same genetic material and serve the same function in the body. For example, human cells start with two pairs of 23 chromosomes.
Outline the difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Mitosis produces two genetically identical “daughter” cells from a single “parent” cell, whereas meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent and contain only half as much DNA. Many cells in the body go through mitosis, but some do so more often than others
Can we live without mitosis?
Mitosis is the process by which cells divide.Without it, you could make no new cells. The cells in most of your body would wear out very quickly, greatly shortening your life.
How many daughter cells are formed after one round of mitosis
2
What is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction over asexual forms of reproduction?
Sexual reproduction requires the extensive production of gametes, and can include parental care that is energetically costly. It also involves time for the zygote to develop into an organism. This can increase the time needed for the cycle of reproduction and slow population growth.
Why is it important to keep the same number of chromosomes during mitosis?
Mitosis is used to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cells. The cell copies - or 'replicates' - its chromosomes, and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure that each daughter cell has a full set.
Outline if mitosis is asexual
Mitosis is a phase of the cell cycle in which a cell's nucleus is divided into two nuclei, each with an equal quantity of genetic material. It is an asexual reproductive process that occurs in unicellular organisms.
What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?
Before the cell undergoes mitosis, the cell must make two copies of its DNA so that each daughter cell has a complete copy of the genetic material
Which of the following is a characteristics of mitosis
It produces haploid cells
It involves two cell divisions
It occurs only in reproductive cells
It results in daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell
It results in daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell
What is a likely evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves fewer steps. There is a lower chance of using up the resources in a given environment. Sexual reproduction results in variation in the offspring. Sexual reproduction is more cost-effective.