Vocabulary
One half of a duplicated chromosome is a __________.
What is a chromatid?
This Phase where the nuclear envelope disappears and centrioles move to opposite sides of the cell.
prophase
How many rounds of cell division does Meiosis involve?
2
The formation of a cell plate is associated with what kind of cell?
Plant cell (in Cytokinesis prepping to split)
Structure of proteins attached to the centromere that help with the spindle fiber attachment
Kinetochore
what does diploid mean?
2 full sets of chromosomes from 2 different parents
Purpose of Meiosis is to create?
Gametes
How many cells are produced by meiosis?
4: genetically different
What are the four main phases of Mitosis?
Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase
What cell division process is involved in asexual reproduction, and which one is involved in sexual reproduction?
mitosis - asexual
meiosis - sexual
Process by which the cell cytoplasm divides and 2 cells are finally formed
Cytokinesis
A _____ cell only has 1 set of chromosomes
haploid (gametes)
In humans, how many chromosomes does each new cell end up having when meiosis is complete?
23
How many genetically identical daughter cells does Mitosis produce?
2 daughter cells
Homologous Chromosomes Synapse & Crossing over occurs in which phase?
Prophase I
the middle region of the chromosome where chromatids and the spindle fibers attach.
What is the Centromere?
Phase where chromosomes are positioned at each pole of the cell and new nuclei start to form around them.
What is telophase?
When are homologous chromosomes divided?
meiosis I (Anaphase 1)
How is Interphase connected to Mitosis? (give 1 example)
it prepares the cell to divide, checks for mutations, and provides time for the duplication of organelles and DNA
In humans, how many chromosomes does each new cell end up having when mitosis is complete?
How many does it have when meiosis is complete
46 mitosis
23 meiosis
Two matching paired chromosomes; one from your mother, one from your father.
What are Homologous Chromosomes?
The ______ produces the spindle fibers that separate sister chromatids during mitosis or homologous pairs in meiosis
centrioles
What are 2 reasons meiosis is important for life on Earth?
creates gametes for sexual reproduction
scrambles DNA, creating genetic diversity amongst a species
Phase where spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes and begin pulling the chromatids to opposite sides of the cell.
Anaphase
Asexual Reproduction results in identical offspring unless what action occurs?
Mutations