Prophase
What is the first stage of mitosis?
Prophase
What is the second stage of mitosis?
Metaphase
What is the third stage of mitosis?
Anaphase
What is the fourth and final stage of mitosis?
Telophase
What are the four stages of mitosis, in order?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
In what stage of the cell cycle does prophase occur?
Interphase
During metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the center of the cell on what structure?
The metaphase plate
During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell by what structure?
The spindle fibers
During telophase, the chromosomes reach opposite poles of the cell and begin to do what?
Decondense or uncoil
During mitosis, what is the name of the structure that organizes the microtubules?
The spindle apparatus or spindle fibers.
During prophase, the chromatin condenses into what structure?
Chromosomes
What protein fibers attach the chromosomes to the spindle during metaphase?
Kinetochores
What enzyme is responsible for breaking the cohesin proteins that hold the sister chromatids together during anaphase?
Separase
In animal cells, what structure forms between the two nuclei during telophase?
The cleavage furrow
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
Metaphase.
What are the two main components of the mitotic spindle?
Microtubules and centrosomes
In what stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase
In what stage of mitosis do the nuclear envelopes reform around the separated chromosomes?
Telophase
What is the name of the process in which the cytoplasm divides after mitosis is complete?
Cytokinesis
What is the name of the protein responsible for the compaction and organization of DNA into chromosomes during mitosis?
Histones
In animal cells, what structure do centrosomes contain that helps organize the microtubules during mitosis?
Centrioles
What is the name of the checkpoint in the cell cycle that ensures all the chromosomes are properly aligned and attached to the spindle in metaphase?
The spindle checkpoint (also known as the mitotic checkpoint)
What is the importance of anaphase?
It ensures that duplicated chromosomes, or sister chromatids, separate into two equal sets
In plant cells, what structure forms during telophase to divide the cytoplasm?
The cell plate (also known as the cell wall precursor)
What is mitosis?
The process by which a cell divides its genetic material into two identical daughter cells.