Cell Cycle Basics
What phase of the cell cycle do cells spend the most time in?
Interphase
Cancer occurs when cells divide too ____ and without control.
Fast/uncontrollably
How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
4
Which process makes somatic cells?
Mitosis
What is a karyotype?
A picture/display of all chromosomes arranged in pairs
What happens during the S phase of interphase?
Tumor
Are the cells produced during meiosis identical or different?
During which process do homologous chromosomes separate?
Meiosis
How many chromosome pairs do humans usually have?
23
G1, S, G2
What type of tumor pushes on internal organs, but does not spread to other parts of body?
Benign
What types of cells are produced through meiosis?
During which process does the nucleus dissolve and then reform?
Both Mitosis and Meiosis
What is it called when someone has an extra chromosome?
Trisomy
What structure pulls chromosomes apart during cell division?
Spindle Fibers
How does a malignant tumor move to different parts of the body?
Break off and move through the blood stream
what is the name of reproductive cells?
gametes
If a human body cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
46
What mistake during meiosis causes abnormal numbers of chromosomes in a karyotype?
Nondisjunction
What process divides the cytoplasm into two cells?
Cytokinesis
What normally stops cells from dividing when they touch other cells but fails in cancer cells?
What event during meiosis increases genetic variation by exchanging DNA?
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
It produces gametes with half the chromosomes, produces genetic variation
This karyotype shows an extra chromosome on pair 21? What genetic condition does this represent?
What is trisomy 21 or down syndrome