Particle Theory
All substances are made of these tiny building blocks.
“What are particles?”
The three most common states of matter found on Earth.
“What are solids, liquids, and gases?”
The process where particles move from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
“What is diffusion?”
Most substances do this when they are heated.
“What is expand?”
This method separates an insoluble solid from a liquid using paper.
"What is filtration?”
In this state, particles vibrate but stay in fixed positions.
“What is a solid?”
The state of matter with the weakest forces between its particles.
“What is a gas?”
Diffusion happens faster when this condition increases.
“What is temperature?”
As particles gain energy, this happens to the distance between them.
“What is it increases?”
This method removes the liquid by carefully pouring it off a solid.
“What is decanting?”
When heat is added, this happens to the speed and energy of particles.
“What is they move faster and gain energy?”
The process when a liquid changes into a gas.
“What is boiling or evaporation?”
This process explains why you can smell deodorant sprayed in one corner of the room.
“What is diffusion in gases?”
Gaps in railway tracks are left to prevent this from happening on hot days.
“What is expansion damage or buckling?”
This method separates colours in ink based on how well they dissolve.
“What is chromatography?”
This is why gases can be compressed while solids cannot.
“What is because there are large spaces between gas particles?”
In this state, particles are close but irregular and slide past one another.
“What is a liquid?”
Solids don’t show diffusion because of this characteristic.
“What is their particles are fixed in place?”
A can implodes when steam inside condenses and pressure drops in this demonstration.
“What is the imploding can experiment?”
A magnet can separate iron from sand using this process.
“What is magnetic separation?”
Heating gives particles enough energy to break the forces between them in this process.
“What is melting?”
These two lesser-known states of matter include lightning and near absolute-zero atoms.
“What are plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate?”
When potassium permanganate crystals are placed in warm water, this happens faster than in cold water.
“What is the colour spreads faster due to faster-moving particles?”
Māori used this property of heated and cooled rock to help quarry stone for toki tools.
“What is expansion and contraction causing the rock to crack?”
Filtration cannot remove salt from salt water because of this reason.
“What is the salt is dissolved and passes through the filter?”