Particle Theory
What does the Particle Theory say about all matter?
Made of tiny particles OR always moving
What is a pure substance?
Made of only one type of particle
What is solubility?
The ability of a substance to dissolve.
What is filtration used for?
Separating solids from liquids.
Is milk a solution or a mixture?
(A mixture – specifically a colloid.)
What happens to particle motion when temperature increases?
They move faster
What’s the difference between an element and a compound?
Element = one type of atom; Compound = more than one.
What do we call the substance that does the dissolving?
(Solvent)
What tool would you use to separate iron from a mixture?
(Magnet)
Why is water called the "universal solvent"?
(It dissolves many substances.)
How are particles arranged in a solid vs. a gas?
Solid: tightly packed; Gas: spread far apart
What is a mechanical mixture?
You can see the different parts.
What are two factors that can increase how fast something dissolves?
(Stirring, heating, crushing)
How can you separate salt from saltwater?
(Evaporation)
Name a solution you might drink every day.
(Tea, coffee, juice, etc.)
Why can a gas be compressed but a solid can’t?
Because particles in gases are farther apart
What is a solution?
A mixture where one substance dissolves in another.
What is a saturated solution?
(No more solute can dissolve.)
What is distillation used for?
(Separating liquids based on boiling points.)
How does soap help with cleaning oily dishes?
(Breaks the oil into smaller particles that mix with water.)
Explain how the particle theory helps us understand dissolving.
Particles of solute spread among particles of solvent.
Give one example each of: element, compound, mechanical mixture, and solution.
Ex: Oxygen, water, salad, saltwater
Why does sugar dissolve faster in hot tea than cold water?
Heat increases particle movement.
Name a situation where hand sorting is a good method.
(Sorting coins, rocks, or colored candies.)
What science method might be used to clean water in a northern community?
(Filtration or distillation.)