Symptoms and History
Main reason(s) m'kenna went to the doctor
Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and significant weight loss.
The primary function of the small intestine
Breaking down food and absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream.
The three main types of food molecules (nutrients) that provide energy
Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats
If a cell does not receive enough glucose, the body will feel
Tired, Fatigue
What were the images of the small intestine test called
Endoscopy
What the endoscopic exam revealed about the structure of her small intestine compared to a healthy person
It was flatter, smoother, and lacked the normal folds (villi).
The microscopic, finger-like projections that increase surface area in the small intestine.
Villi
What happens to the concentration (amount) of food molecules as they travel through a healthy small intestine?
They decrease (being absorbed)
What molecules must cross from the small intestine into this system to travel to the rest of the body.
Circulatory System (Blood)
In graphs of food molecules, a steep downward slope indicates this
High absorption of nutrients
The name of the, now confirmed, disease M'Kenna has
Celiac Disease
Why M'Kenna's flat villi are a problem for nutrient absorption
If they are fat they will not 'catch' any nutrients or absorb them
The molecule that cells use for energy, produced through cellular respiration
ATP
The process that uses oxygen and glucose to create energy in cells.
Cellular Respiration
The levels both go down but when you exercise it goes down faster
What type of food molecule is gluten
Protein (found in wheat, grains etc..)
What enzyme helps break down carbs in the mouth and what type of breakdown is this?
Amylase, chemical
What are the 3 "Pathways" uses for food molecules in the blood.
Energy, Fat storage, Growth
Besides food, this substance must be transported to cells for energy production
Oxygen
Where do oxygen and food (glucose) meet in order to perform an important process?
The cells
What happens to the villi in a person with Celiac Disease when they eat gluten?
The immune system damages the villi, causing them to flatten
What do proteins get broken down into in the stomach?
Amino Acids
Why M'Kenna is losing weight, according to the, "Why is M’Kenna losing so much weight?" lesson.
Her cells aren't getting enough energy from food, so her body is burning its own fat stores.
What 3 body systems are primarily affecting M'Kenna (in order)
Digestive, Respiratory, and Circulatory
What are the air sacs called and what are they equivalent to in the digestive system?