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A 32-year-old woman with SLE develops worsening renal function, hypertension, and proteinuria. The most definitive investigation to guide management.
What is renal biopsy?
A 2-week-old infant presents with jaundice, pale stools, and dark urine. The urgent diagnosis not to miss.
What is biliary atresia?
A patient with AF and CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of 2 (male). Recommended stroke prevention strategy.
What is anticoagulation with a DOAC?
First-line management for anorexia nervosa with BMI <13 and cardiovascular instability.
What is urgent inpatient admission under medical care?
BP ≥140/90 after 20 weeks with proteinuria defines this condition.
What is pre-eclampsia?
First-line long-term urate-lowering therapy in gout and the key precaution before starting it
What is allopurinol, and prophylaxis with colchicine/NSAID during initiation?
A 6-year-old with palpable purpura, abdominal pain, and haematuria. The immunological mechanism underlying this condition.
What is IgA immune complex deposition (Henoch–Schönlein purpura / IgA vasculitis)?
A STEMI patient presents within 90 minutes of PCI availability. Preferred reperfusion strategy.
What is primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)?
A detained patient under Section 2 of the Mental Health Act can be held for how long?
What is up to 28 days?
First-line antihypertensive in pregnancy (chronic or gestational).
What is labetalol?
A patient with systemic sclerosis develops sudden severe hypertension and AKI. The immediate treatment that reduces mortality.
What is an ACE inhibitor (e.g., captopril)?
A febrile 3-month-old infant with no focus of infection. The full initial investigation bundle required.
What is septic screen (bloods, blood cultures, urine, ± lumbar puncture)?
A collapsing pulse, early diastolic murmur, and wide pulse pressure suggest this valvular lesion.
What is aortic regurgitation?
First-line long-term pharmacological management of bipolar disorder.
What is lithium?
A 30-week pregnant woman presents with painless vaginal bleeding. The investigation that must NOT be performed.
What is digital vaginal examination (if placenta praevia suspected)?
A 70-year-old with shoulder stiffness, raised ESR, and new temporal headache. The immediate management step before biopsy.
What is high-dose prednisolone for suspected giant cell arteritis?
A child with DKA develops headache and bradycardia during treatment. The most feared complication.
What is cerebral oedema?
The first investigation in suspected stable angina under current NICE guidance.
What is CT coronary angiography?
A patient on clozapine develops fever and sore throat. The urgent blood abnormality to exclude.
What is agranulocytosis (neutropenia)?
Management of shoulder dystocia after McRoberts manoeuvre fails.
What is suprapubic pressure?
The specific autoantibody associated with poly/dermatomyositis?
What is anti–Jo-1?
First-line management of status epilepticus in a child after buccal midazolam fails.
What is IV lorazepam?
A patient with syncope, bifascicular block on ECG, and structural heart disease. Definitive management.
What is permanent pacemaker insertion?
A 10-day postpartum woman has insomnia, grandiosity, and command hallucinations about her baby. She refuses admission. Immediate management?
What is detention under the Mental Health Act (e.g., Section 2) for suspected postpartum psychosis?
A woman develops sudden collapse, hypoxia, and DIC during labour. The likely diagnosis.
What is amniotic fluid embolism?