Galaxies
Relativity
Dark Matter
Dark Energy
Big Bang
100
The only galaxy that is blueshifted from our perspective.
Andromeda
100
The name given to two reference frames that are not accelerating with respect to each other.
Inertial reference frames
100
Most of the dark matter in galaxies is in this part of the galaxies.
Halo
100
This type of supernovae are standard candles because they always form when a white dwarf accretes enough matter to exceed the Chandrasekhar mass limit and explodes.
Type 1a SN
100
The 'three pillars' of the Big Bang that are the main pillars and evidence of the theory.
Big bang nucleosynthesis, CMB, expanding universe
200
What are the three main classification types of galaxies?
Spiral, elliptical, irregular
200
As you approach the speed of light, time ___ and length ___.
time slows and length decreases
200
Percent of dark matter vs dark energy vs baryonic matter in the universe.
22% DM 74% DE 4% baryonic
200
Dark Energy ____ the growth of structure in the universe while Dark Matter ____.
DE slows down growth of structure while DM clumps together and helps structure form.
200
How old is the universe? (approximately)
14 billion years old
300
Interstellar dust scatters this kind of light.
Blue light.
300
Matrices are the 3-dimensional equivalent of these algebraic objects that play a major role in General Relativity.
Tensors
300
She officially discovered dark matter using galaxy rotation curves. An observatory was recently named after her.
Vera Rubin
300
The energy density of dark energy is approximately ____.
constant
300
How LARGE is the observable universe?
radius ~50 billion light years
400
The three main parts of a galaxy.
Bulge, Disk, Dark Matter Halo
400
This particle has a lifetime of 2.26E-6 seconds so researchers were surprised to detect them coming from the Sun. But this was solved when taking into account special relativity.
Muons
400
The names of the two things hypothesised to make up dark matter.
WIMPs and MACHOs
400
The four fundamental forces of nature.
Gravity, EM, Strong, Weak
400
He measured the redshifts to the galaxies that Hubble used when he graphed velocity versus redshift but Hubble didn't give him credit. His first name has the word 'vest' in it.
Vesto Slipher.
500
The formula for Kepler's third law.
500
What is the equivalence principle in general relativity? (Hint, what two things are indistinguishable?)
You can't tell the difference between a uniform gravitational field or uniformly accelerated motion.
500
What do WIMPs and MACHOs stand for?
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles
Massive Astrophysical Compact Halo Object
500
Quantum Mechanics predicts the vacuum energy of the universe to be 10^[] this much bigger than the observed amount.
10^120 times DE
500
Can galaxies be receeding from us faster than the speed of light? How?
Yes, that is because the space between us can stretch at > c