Computer Lore and More
Credited to a founder of Intel, this is the projection that the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits will roughly double every year.
What is Moore's Law?
This is the process of translating source code into machine language one instruction at a time and immediately executing the instruction---can be contrasted with compilation.
What is interpretation?
An example is the numeral '5': an abstraction available in many computing languages that represents a single value, that is, whose value cannot be changed.
What is a constant?
This is a block of code that reacts to an event like a button click.
What is an event handler?
This can run many different programs. A laptop is an example.
What is a general purpose computer?
This is a standard (such as TCP, HTTP) that is not owned or controlled by any private entity. It stands in contrast to 'proprietary' materials, which are owned or controlled by a private entity. They have helped fuel the explosive growth of the Internet, and they are amended through a public process managed by the IETF, W3C, or similar.
What is an open standard?
An implementation of the mathematical or logical concept of negation, this is a circuit that takes only one input, returning FALSE when the input is TRUE and, vice-versa, returning TRUE when the input is FALSE.
What is a NOT gate?
This is conflated with the concept of information in computer science. It can exist in a variety of forms, like text on paper or bits stored in electronic memory.
What is data?
This is the term for the class of programs (or a programming sensibility) wherein the program takes actions in response to user generated events, such as button clicks.
What is event-driven programming?
The physical apparatus on which a computing innovation depends.
What is hardware?
This is a set of rules that govern the interactions within a system.
What is a protocol?
This is a circuit with two inputs and one output defined such that its output is TRUE (or ON) when either or both of its inputs are TRUE (or ON).
What is an OR gate?
The practice of organizing and encapsulating certain data into a more general representation. An example would be storing the text 'hello' in a single variable rather than having numerous occurrences of 'hello' in a program.
What is data abstraction?
An AppInventor designer (UI) component used to display a group of components laid out from left to right.
What is a horizontal arrangement?
It is a programming language that is human readable and provides the programmer with easy to understand abstractions; App Inventor and Python are examples.
What is a high-level language?
Later knighted by Queen Elizabeth II, he worked at CERN when he invented the World-Wide Web in 1989.
Who is Tim Berners-Lee?
This is an error that occurs when the computer attempts to store a value that exceeds the memory capacity that has been assigned to handle it.
What is an overflow error?
It is the base-10 system that we use every day, using the symbols 0 through 9 and the concept of place-value.
What is the decimal number system?
This is notation for expressing algorithms, which is more precise that ordinary English but less formal than a programming language.
What is pseudocode?
A programming language written in binary that is directly readable by the computer's CPU, this represents a low-level of abstraction that programmers can be thankful they don't have to work on.
What is a machine language?
This is the suite of protocols that determine the behavior of the Internet.
What is TCP/IP?
There is also a question on the board about iteration, which makes the topic of this clue a little redundant. Put another way it is a.... [fill in the blank].
What is repetition?
It is the base-16 system, consisting of the 16 symbols 0 through 9 and A through F.
What is hexadecimal?
These include any actions taken by the user when interacting with a program, such as button clicks. However, anything "external to the program" can also fall into this category, such as the ticking of a clock.
What are events?
This is the large sheet of chips that houses the computer's main electronic components. (If you can't think of the answer, go ask your father.)
What is the motherboard?