Cardiovascular and Respiratory Complications
Stasis of blood due to immobility and formation of a clot; usually in the lower legs
What is a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Change position slowly
What is orthostatic hypotension prevention?
Monitor gait, apply splints, use footboards, assist with ambulation
What is foot drop?
Injury to the skin from remaining in one position too long
What is a pressure injury?
Reduce the angle between the bones
What is flexion?
Drop in BP when changing positions
What is orthostatic hypotension?
Encourage lower leg exercises and assess pulses, capillary refill and edema.
What is DVT Prevention?
Assess for rigidity, decreased ROM, and increased stiffness. Encourage ADLs, ROM every 8 hours, apply splints as prescribed
What are joint contractures?
2 interventions for pressure injury
What is reposition every 2 hours
use assistive devices when repositioning,
avoid prolonged pressure
moisturize dry skin
keep skin free from moisture from urine drainage or sweat?
Bring closer to baseline
What is adduction?
Partial or total collapse of the lung
What is atelectasis?
Use incentive spirometer, auscultate lungs, monitor chest movement
What are interventions for atelectasis?
Elevate HOB after meals
What is GERD?
Isolation interventions
What is Encourage interactions with family friends, staff and volunteers?
Draw toes up toward the body
What is dorsiflexion?
Infection/inflammation of the lungs where the alveoli fill with fluid or pus
What is pneumonia?
Auscultate lungs, monitor labs and VS, encourage fluid intake, deep breathe and cough, turn and reposition every 2 hours
What are interventions for pneumonia?
Encourage high protein, nutrient-dense foods, assist with meals, and consult with a dietitian
What is malnutrition?
Encourage fluid intake, complete bladder emptying, and assist with toileting
What is urinary retention prevention?
Point toes downward away from the body
What is plantarflexion?
Less workload on the heart due to immobility
What is cardiac deconditioning?
Administer anticoagulants
What is DVT prevention?
Encourage fluid intake, high fiber foods, and increase mobility
What is constipation?
3 causes of pressure injury
What are bony prominences, shearing and friction, and moisture?
Turning to face forward
What is supination?