Acid-Base parameters
A PaCO2 of less than 35 mmHg is considered
alkalotic
The range 35-45 mmHg indicates a normal:
PaCO2 level
An increased pH, increased HCO3-, and normal PaCO2 indicates:
Uncompensated Metabolic alkalosis
A. Instructing on the importance of proper nutrition and an active lifestyle
B. Administering a prescribed NSAID
C. Identifying necessary modifications to the home environment
D. Prescribing a skeletal muscle relaxant
A. Instructing on the importance of proper nutrition and an active lifestyle
xX. Administering a prescribed NSAID is an example of a collaborative intervention, home modifications is also collaborative (and often implemented by OT), and it is outside the nursing scope of practice to prescribe a medication.
A value of 24-28 mEq/L indicates the normal range of:
HCO3-
An acidic pH is:
Less than 7.35
A decreased pH, increased PaCO2, and normal HCO3- indicates:
Uncompensated Respiratory acidosis
Benefits to ambulation includes which of the following? Select all that apply.
A. Maintain or improve joint flexibility
B. Postural hypotension
C. Maintain or improve muscle strength
D. Prevent thrombophlebitis
A. Maintain or improve joint flexibility, C. Maintain or improve muscle strength, D. Prevent thrombophlebitis
xX.Postural hypotension is not a benefit of ambulation.
A PaO2 of >45 is considered:
Acidic
An acidic HCO3- level is indicated by:
Less than 24 mEq/L
An increased pH, decreased PCO2, and normal HCO3- indicates:
Uncompensated Respiratory Alkalosis
While planning care for a client who has been hospitalized for 2 weeks, the nurse is assisting the client with a bath and wants to encourage full range of motion in all the client's joints. Which activity will best support ROM for the client's hand & arm?
A. Having the client brush hair and teeth
B. Moving the wash basin farther toward the foot of the bed to encourage the client to reach for the items
C. Moving each of the client's hand and arm joints through passive ROM
D. Giving the client a washcloth to wash the face
A. Having the client brush hair and teeth
xX. The best option is to have the client use active range of motion either through activities of daily living or with the support of physical therapy. Passive ROM is not preferred when the client is able to do the tasks themselves.
A normal PaO2 is:
75-100 mmHg
The normal range for pH is:
7.35-7.45
A decreased pH, decreased HCO3-, and normal PaCO2 indicates:
Metabolic acidosis
The student nurse is describing a range-of-motion assessment. Which of the following responses by the student would indicate further teaching is necessary?
A. Flexion of the shoulders is raising hands straight from side to over the head
B. During abduction of the fingers, the fingers are spread apart
C. When pronating the elbows, hands are turned so the palm is facing up
D. Plantar flexion is pointing the toes of the foot towards the floor
C. When pronating the elbows, hands are turned so the palm is facing up
xX. Pronation of the elbow requires the individual to turn the palm facing down
If a lab value indicates a pH of greater than 7.45, it is:
Alkalotic
What does ABG stand for?
Arterial Blood Gas
What does it mean if the pH is normal but the PaCO2 and HCO3- arent (but are on opposite sides of the spectrum)?
The condition has been fully compensated. The respiratory system compensates by controlling CO2, the renal system compensates by changing the concentration of HCO3- or H+
The nurse is completing a neurovascular assessment on a client with an ankle injury. Which of the following should be included? Select all that apply.
A. Ask the client to wiggle the toes
B. Bilaterally compare the pulses proximal to the injury
C. Assess for pallor or cyanosis of the extremity
D. Ask about numbness, burning or tingling
E. Grade the muscle function using a 0-5 scale
A. Ask the client to wiggle the toes, C. Assess for pallor or cyanosis of the extremity, D. Ask about numbness, burning or tingling
xX.Neurovascular assessment includes: pain/pulses (DISTAL)/pallow/paresthesia (numbness or tingling)/paralysis.