Jacksonian American
This legislation signed by President Andrew Jackson in 1830 led to the forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the Southeastern United States.
Indian Removal Act
What term describes the transformation of the American economy in the early 19th century, characterized by the growth of factories and transportation networks?
Market Revolution
What term describes the dominant crop that fueled the Southern economy and had a significant impact on the region's culture and society?
King Cotton
Transcendentalism was a philosophical and literary movement that emphasized the inherent goodness of people and nature. Who was one of its leading figures?
Ralph Waldo Emerson or Henry David Thoreau
What act, passed in 1854, allowed the residents of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether to allow slavery, effectively repealing the Missouri Compromise?
Kansas Nebraska Act
What is the term for the tragic forced relocation of the Cherokee Nation from their homeland to the Indian Territory in 1838, resulting in significant loss of life?
Trail of Tears
What social class, defined by a certain level of wealth and lifestyle, grew in prominence during the Market Revolution?
Middle Class
What were the laws and regulations called that controlled every aspect of enslaved people's lives in the South?
Slave Codes
What term describes the movement to reduce or eliminate the consumption of alcoholic beverages, a major social issue in the 19th century?
Temperance
What constitutional amendment, ratified in 1870, granted the right to vote to all U.S. citizens regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude, expanding suffrage rights in the United States?
15th Amendment
What was the name of the conflict in the 1830s that arose when South Carolina attempted to nullify a federal tariff, leading to a crisis with the federal government?
Nullification Crisis
The changing immigration patterns in the 19th century included waves of Irish and German immigrants; what term represents hostility and discrimination against these newcomers?
Nativism/Know-Nothings/Native American Party
This euphemistic term was often used to refer to the system of slavery in the American South.
"Peculiar Institution"
The Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 was a pivotal event in the women's rights movement. What document was produced at this convention?
This phrase refers to the expansion of voting rights and participation in the democratic process, a prominent feature of the early 19th century in the United States.
Broadening the Franchise
What is the term for the belief that states had the right to declare federal laws unconstitutional and void, as argued by John C. Calhoun during the 1830s?
Theory of Nullification
In the 19th century, the rapid expansion of this transportation technology revolutionized the movement of goods and people across the United States.
Railroads
These Southern farmers owned smaller plots of land and typically did not rely on enslaved labor. What were they called?
Who was the editor of the anti-slavery newspaper "The Liberator" and a prominent advocate for immediate and uncompensated emancipation?
William Lloyd Garrison
The bitter political battle between President Andrew Jackson and his opponents over the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States is often referred to as this "War."
Bank War
This policy, which awarded government jobs to political supporters, was associated with President Andrew Jackson.
The Spoils System
What cultural ideal of the 19th century emphasized women's roles as homemakers and moral guardians of the family?
Cult of Domesticity
This enslaved African American preacher and leader organized a slave rebellion in Virginia in 1831, leading to a violent and brutal crackdown. Who was he?
Nat Turner
What organization, founded in 1816, aimed to return freed African Americans to Africa and was an early anti-slavery effort?
American Colonization Society
Which two pivotal battles, fought in 1863, had significant impacts on the outcome of the Civil War: one in the West and one in the East?
Vicksburg and Gettysburg