Carbon Cycle
What is one way CO2 enters the atmosphere?
--volcanoes,
--decomposers,
--respiration,
--burning
How much of air is nitrogen gas? 45%, 23%, 78%?
78%
Relationship among species in which one organism eats another
Predation (predator/prey)
In a deep lake, which area would be colder:
Littoral zone or profundal zone?
Profundal zone (it's deeper and gets less sunlight)
Population growth that is controlled by limited resources or the presence of predators or both.
Logistic Growth
What is one way CO2 exits the atmosphere?
--photosynthesis,
--dissolving in ocean (then forms shells, minerals, etc.)
What do we call the process of converting N2 into chemically active molecules, done by lightning strikes but mostly by bacteria in soil?
Nitrogen fixation
A relationship between two or more organisms of different species where all benefit from the association.
Mutualism
Why are coral reefs in shallow tropical ocean waters so important?
Tens of thousands of species of plants and animals inhabit the coral reef.
Population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever-increasing population.
Exponential Growth
What is the process by which certain gases (principally water vapor, CO2, and methane) trap heat that would otherwise escape the Earth and radiate into space?
Greenhouse effect
Why is nitrogen essential for life?
It's integral in DNA, RNA, proteins
A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited.
Commensalism
Name 3 terrestrial biomes
Tropical Rainforest, Savanna, Temperate Grassland,
Temperate Deciduous Forest, Chaparral, Desert,
Tundra, Taiga or Boreal Forest
What are 2 factors that affect population growth?
number of births, number of deaths, number of individuals that leave or enter a population, such as immigration into an area, or emigration out of area.
The concern about global warming centers around the worry of humans adding too much _____ to the environment from burning of fuels, causing global warming (global climate change)
CO2
What are 2 ways oxygen gets used up?
Aerobic organisms' respiration,
Natural and man-made fires,
Rusting of metals,
Conversion to ozone by sun
A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed.
Parasitism
Name 2 aquatic biomes
Marine biomes: ocean, coral reef, estuary
Freshwater: lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, wetlands.
What is the term for a number of individuals in a given space, such as rabbits/km2?
Population density
To accurately track and understand global warming or climate change, one must ideally track temperatures for ________
a long time; many centuries rather than just a few decades
What is one way oxygen gets replenished into the atmosphere?
Photosynthesis (plants and phytoplankton)
Ozone being converted back to O2 by sun
Water being split by sun into H2 and O2
What is the difference between ectoparasites and endoparasites?
Ectoparasites: live on surface of animal. Endoparasites: live inside the host (such as tapeworm).
This biome is found where ocean meets a freshwater river or stream; land may fold in and protect environment. There is lots of life here, and plants are adapted to salt water.
Estuary
After major fires, hurricanes, storms, floods, droughts, volcanoes, communities are altered. What do we call the series of changes that happen after the event?
Ecological succession