Ability
Which modal verb expresses present ability?
Can
Which modal verb do we use to give advice?
Should
Which modal verb expresses strong obligation?
Must
Which modal verb can we use to ask for permission?
Can./could/may
Which modal verb can express possibility?
Might
She ___ speak English.
Can
Complete: You ___ study for the exam.
Should
Complete: Students ___ wear uniforms. It is a school rule.
Must / Have to
Complete: ___ I borrow your pencil, please?
Can
Complete: It ___ rain tomorrow. I'm not sure
Might / May.
What is the past form of “can” for ability?
Could
Give advice: “I have a headache.”
You should rest.
Complete: You ___ smoke here. It is prohibited
Mustn't
Make this request more polite: “Can you help me?
Could you help me
The lights are on, and I can hear people inside. They ___ be home.
Must
Change to negative: “He can swim.”
He can't swim
Complete: You ___ eat so much junk food.
Shouldn't.
Explain the difference between “mustn't” and “don't have to.”
Mustn't means prohibition; don't have to means there is no obligation.
Which is generally more formal when asking permission: “can” or “may”?
May.
Complete: He ___ be at school; I just saw him at home.
Can't.
Rewrite using “could”: “He was able to play the piano when he was young.”
He could play the piano when he was young.
Your friend has an important test tomorrow but wants to play video games all night. Give advice using “should” and “shouldn't.”
You should study, and you shouldn't play video games all night.
Complete both sentences: “You ___ wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle; it's required by law. You ___ use your phone while driving; it's prohibited.”
Have to / Must; mustn't.
Rewrite this question using “may” to ask permission formally: “Can I leave the classroom?”
May I leave the classroom, please?
She hasn't arrived, and her phone is off. She ___ have missed the bus.” Use a modal verb to express a possible explanation.
Might / May / Could.