Modalities Final Practical

Contraindications

100

E-stim

pacemaker, carotid sinus, thrombosis/thrombophlebitis, pregnancy

200

MLD

Congestive heart failure, Acute renal failure, Acute DVT, Acute infection 

300

Cryotherapy

Cold hypersensitivity, Cold intolerance, Cryoglobulinemia, Paroxsymal cold hemoglobinuria, Raynaud's disease/phenomenon, Over area of PVD

400

Thermotherapy

Hemorrhage, thrombophlebitis, impaired mentation/sensation, malignant tumor, irradiation to eyes

500

Ultrasound

Malignant tumor, pregnancy, joint cement, plastic components, pacemaker, thrombophlebitis, eyes, reproductive organs, spinal cord

Precautions

100

MLD

Open wounds, Chronic DVT, Chronic infection

200

Cryotherapy

Over superficial main branch of nerve, Open wound, HTN, Poor sensation/mentation, very young/elderly

300

Thermotherapy

Acute injury/inflammation, pregnancy, impaired circulation, poor thermal regulation, edema, cardiac insufficiency, metal, open wound, demyelinated nerves, over adhesives 

400

Ultrasound

Epiphyseal plates, fractures, breast implants

500

E-stim

Cardiac disease, impaired mentation/sensation, malignant tumors

US Parameters

100

Thermal Effects

1MHz, 1.5-2.0W/cm2, continuous, 5-10 minutes

3MHz, 0.5W/cm2, continuous, 5-10 minutes

200

Non-Thermal Effects

1 or 3MHz, 0.5-1.0W/cm2, 20%, 5-10 minutes

300

Wounds (Acute v. Chronic)

Acute: 1 or 3MHz, 0.5W/cm2, 20%, 3-10 minutes

Chronic: 1-3MHz, 0.5-1.0W/cm2, continuous, 3-10 minutes

400

Phonophoresis

3MHz, 0.5-1.0W/cm2, 20%, 5-10 minutes

500

Bone Fracture

1.5MHz, 0.15W/cm2, 20%, 15-20 minutes

E-stim Parameter

100

Russian Protocol

AC, 2500Hz, 50 burst/sec, pulse duration/inter burst interval = 10 microseconds

200

High-Rate TENS

100-150pps, 50-80us, to tingling, 24 hrs if needed

300

Low-Rate TENS

2-10pps, 150-300us, to visible contraction, 20-30 minutes