Ecological Model
Change the nature of existing social relationships.
What is the goal of Interpersonal Intervention?
Demographic variables, sociopsychological variables, and structural variables.
What are Modifying Factors?
The person has no intention to change, and is possibly unaware that a behavior change is needed.
What is the Precontemplation Stage?
Levels of Ecological Factors affecting change
What are Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Institutional/Organizational, Community, Public Policy?
"I don't think I can commit to exercising, I've never been able to make to do it before."
What is Self-Efficacy?
Blaming an individual for health problems that may be out of their control
What is Victim Blaming?
By the client being willing to participate, and have a high value of their health.
How do disease prevention and health promotion succeed?
Transition stage between comtemplation and preparation. Realize the behavior change is important of one's identity as a person.
What is Self-Re-Evaluation?
Perceived Variables of the Health Belief Model
What are perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceives barriers, and perceived benefits?
"My boss implemented a stepping competition, whoever takes the most steps in a month gets a prize!!"
What is Institutional/Organizational Incentive?
Examples include: seatbelt laws and tax on alcohol
What are Public Policies that enacted change?
Problems to overcome when facing a behavior change.
What are Perceived Barriers?
This is not a stage of change. This is a limited minor setback, not a defeat, and the person should be taking action to get back on track.
What is a Relapse?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
Targets of Intrapersonal Intervention
What are Attitude, Knowledge, Skills, Intention to comply with Change?
"If I get an illness, I'll just go to the doctor and get antibiotics, no big deal."
What is perceived severity?
The goal is to change the individual, not the environment.
What is the Goal of Intrapersonal Interventions?
Negative health condition can be avoided, positive expectations that the action will decrease the negative condition, and that the health action can be successfully accomplished.
What are the Core Assumptions of the HBM?
Substitution of the alternative behavior for the problem behavior.
Stages of Change for the TM?
What are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance?
"I know I have a change to make, and I plan to do it within the next month. I already started preparing."
What is the Preparation Stage?
Relationships between organizations, informal networks, and institutions defined by boundaries.
What are Community Factors?
The degree that the person believes they are at risk for a negative health outcome.
What is Perceived Susceptibility?
The person's choice to commit to the change, and believing that they will be able to accomplish it.
What is Self-Liberation?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
Cues to Action of the HBM?
What are mass media campaigns, advice from others, reminder cards from PCP, illness of family/ friend, or articles?
"I accomplished my behavior change, I've been doing it for over 6 months, and now I'm just focusing on stabilizing it so I don't relapse."
What is the Maintenance Stage?