The Linear Model
This 1948 model, often called the "mother of all models," was originally designed for telephonic communication.
What is the Shannon-Weaver Model?
This model is distinct because it introduces this "return" message from the receiver.
What is Feedback?
This model describes communication as a ______ process where people are simultaneously senders and receivers.
What is Dynamic?
The person who initiates the message.
What is the Sender (or Source)?
This type of noise includes external sounds like a loud air conditioner or a construction crew outside that physically prevents a message from being heard.
What is Physical Noise?
This element, introduced by Shannon and Weaver, refers to any interference that distorts a message.
What is Noise?
the Interactive Model l emphasizes this, which includes a person's culture, experience, and knowledge.
What is Field of Experience?
Unlike the Linear model, the Transactional model views the sender and receiver as this, meaning they play both roles at the exact same time.
The medium through which a message is sent, such as airwaves or a fiber-optic cable.
What is the Channel?
This noise occurs when the sender and receiver have different interpretations of a word, such as using complex technical jargon that a layperson doesn't understand.
What is Semantic Noise?
In the linear model, communication is seen as a one-way process moving in a ______.
What is a Straight Line?
Unlike the linear model, the interactive model views communication as a ______ process.
What is Circular (or two-way)?
: Because the Transactional model views communication as an ongoing, ever-changing process where no two interactions are the same, it is described by this "D" word.
What is Dynamic?
The process of turning thoughts into a communicable message
This type of noise refers to biological factors that interfere with communication, such as a receiver having a migraine or being extremely hungry during a meeting.
What is Physiological Noise?
Berlo’s SMCR model stands for these four components
What are Source, Message, Channel, and Receiver?
This model is commonly used to describe communication via "new media," such as the internet
What is the Interactive Model?
This model posits that communication is not just about exchanging info, but about the co-creation of this—our shared understanding of reality, norms, and relationships.
What is Social Reality?
The process of interpreting or translating a received message
While modern models view "noise" broadly, this original 1948 model viewed it strictly as technical interference that lowered the "fidelity" of a signal.
What is the Linear Model (or Shannon-Weaver Model)?
Laswell’s model is defined by this famous five-question formula
What is "Who says what, in which channel, to whom, with what effect?"
In this model, the sender and receiver take turns, but they do not communicate ______?
What is Simultaneously?
Dean Barnlund’s version of this model includes these internal signals, such as one's own senses or personal thoughts, that influence how we understand a message.
What are Cues?
this is how much info each person knows on the topic and how long they have studied or learned this topic
what is field of experience?
This advanced form of noise stems from differences in values, beliefs, or nonverbal cues (like eye contact norms) between people from different backgrounds.
What is Cultural Noise?