Sociolinguistics
What is the study of language in relation to society called?
Sociolinguistics
What is a speech community?
A group that shares a language or variety and the rules for using it.
What is language policy?
Decisions, laws, rules, and practices that determine how languages are used in society.
What does psycholinguistics study?
How the human mind and brain understand, produce, and learn language.
What research method uses written questions to collect information from many people?
A questionnaire
What is a variety of language associated with a particular geographical region called?
Dialect
What is the term for the language variety used by one individual?
Idiolect
What is the difference between language policy and language planning?
Policy is the goal or decision; planning is the action taken to achieve it.
What is the mental lexicon?
The mental dictionary containing the words we know, including their sounds, meanings, and grammatical information.
What is the term for switching between languages during a conversation?
code-switching
What is the term for a language variety used in a particular situation or professional context?
Register
What is the difference between micro-sociolinguistics and macro-sociolinguistics?
Micro studies language use in conversations; macro studies language and society on a larger scale.
What type of planning determines the official position and functions of a language?
Status Planning
What are the three stages of Levelt’s speech production model?
Conceptualization, formulation, and articulation
What is top-down processing in speech perception?
Using context, expectations, and prior knowledge to understand speech.
What is code-switching?
Moving between two languages within one conversation
What is a euphemism?
A mild or indirect expression used instead of an unpleasant or taboo one.
What type of planning involves developing spelling rules, alphabets, and new terminology?
Corpus planning
What is the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?
When you know a word but temporarily cannot retrieve its spoken form.
What is the McGurk effect?
A phenomenon in which visual information about mouth movements changes what a person hears
Who is famous for studying language variation in New York City in 1966?
William Labov
What is diglossia?
The use of two varieties of a language for different functions in one society.
What type of planning aims to increase the number of people who learn and use a language?
Acquisition planning
What is the difference between linguistic determinism and linguistic relativity?
Determinism claims that language determines thought; relativity claims that language influences thought.
What is the difference between linguistic competence and linguistic performance?
Competence is a person’s knowledge of language; performance is how they actually use it.