The Modern Age
What event marked the beginning of the Modern Age?
French Revolution
True or False: The Spanish War of Independence began in 1808
True
________________ was a series of economic and technological changes that began in Great Britain in the 18th century.
The Industrial Revolution
True or False: When Isabel II left Spain, there was a period of instability in Spain
True
Who was the most important Spanish artist of Romanticism in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?
Francisco de Goya
What did France become after the revolution?
a republic
What type of war was fought in the Spanish War of Independence?
Guerrilla war
What invention allowed for products to be produced in factories instead of by hand?
steam engine
What was it called when the monarchy was restored in 1874?
The Restoration
Why was Cuba important to Spain?
Because it was very rich in natural resources such as sugar
Who was the military commander during the French Revolution that become Emperor of France?
Napoleon Bonaparte
Why was Cádiz important during the Spanish War of Independence?
It was where the Spanish government was based, one of the few cities that the French didn't control, it was where a new constitution was approved in 1812
True or False: The Industrial Revolution happened more quickly in Spain than in other European countries
What were the political parties during the Restoration?
Conservatives and Liberals
Name the two reasons that most of Spain's colonies in America became independent between 1810 and 1825
1) The colonists were influenced by the French Revolution (they wanted more rights and freedom)
2) During the War of Independence, Spain was busy fighting the French so its control over the colonies was weaker, creating an opportunity for the colonies
What were thee central ideas of the French Revolution?
liberty, equality, and fraternity
Describe the different ideologies of the Liberals and Carlists
Liberals - supported María Cristina and Isabel II, supported ideals of the French Revolution and the Constitution of Cádiz, limit the power of the monarchy and church
Carlists - wanted Carlos, Fernando VII's brother, to be king, conservatives, supported absolute monarchy and powerful church
What were the important industries in Spain in the 19th century?
Textile, Mining, Steel
Describe the opposition to the government and the monarchy during this period
Nationalist movements (Galicia, Cataluña, País Vasco)
Trade unions formed
Alternative political parties formed
What artistic style emerged after Romanticism ?What did it focus on?
Realism; the reality of everyday life and often focused on the working class
Name two changes when France became a republic
1) Power was separated into legislative, executive, and judicial branches
2) the law recognized all citizens as equals
3) ordinary people could vote in elections
Name two characteristics of the Constitution of Cádiz
1) power of the monarchy was reduced
2) ordinary people could vote (only men)
3) government was separated into three branches
4) Freedom of press
5) Spanish Inquisition was abolished
How was society organized before and after the Industrial Revolution?
Before:
Society was divided into three groups: the clergy, the nobility, and ordinary people
After:
There were three classes: Upper class, middle class, working class
Describe the democracy during the Restoration
democracy was limited
there were elections (but only some men could vote)
elections were unfair (manipulated election results)
Which architect is most associated with Modernism in Spain? What was he inspired by?
Antoni Gaudí; inspired by nature and religion