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Enlightenment
French Revolution
Nationalism
Industrial Revolution
Imperialism
100
While not listed on our class values chart, which two cognitive values were fundamentally essential for all scientists and philosophers during the Enlightenment?
Logic and reason
100
Which radical leader in the Legislative Assembly is mostly credited with enacting the reign of terror?
Robespierre
100
People of Spanish descent who are born in Latin America are known as ___________________, whereas people of Spanish descent who were born in Spain are called ___________.
Creoles; Peninsulares
100
This economic system, where money is invested in business with the sole goal of making a profit, is known as__________.
Capitalism
100
The gathering of figureheads from multiple nations at the Berlin Conference began a period of rapid European imperialism. This phenomenon is termed the _____________.
Scramble for Africa.
200
When you willingly give up some personal freedom in return for governmental protection, you have entered into a _________________.
Social Contract
200
What were Napoleon's three costly mistakes that led to his downfall?
Continental system; Peninsular War (with Portugal); Invasion of Russia
200
Which was the first nation-state created on the basis of nationalism in Europe in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars?
Serbia
200
Patterns of movement where displaced agricultural workers relocate to cities is referred to as ________________________
Rural to urban migration
200
What was the first European colony in Africa called, who established it, and what country does he lead?
Belgian Congo; Leopold II of Belgium
300
Which three values does the creation of the French Palace of Versailles represent?
Order, Authority, Hierarchy
300
Napoleon established a comprehensive system of laws, setting unified standards throughout France, but limited the liberty and individual rights the revolution fought for. This set of laws is known as the_______________________
Napoleonic Code
300
The Franco-Prussian War was the final step in Otto Von Bismark's plan to unify which nation?
Germany
300
According to Marx, a socialist revolution (the final stage of which is communism) will begin after the ______________ rebels against the __________________.
Proletariat; Bourgeoisie
300
This policy, established by the Americans, forced China to accept Western imperialism.
The "Open Door Policy".
400
Which Enlightenment philosopher argued on behalf of the existence of Natural Rights?
John Locke
400
What was the primary reason why Louis XVI called the meeting of the Estates General?
Taxation; solving the problem of national debt
400
What is Nationalism AND give four factors that might influence it.
The common bonds that unite people with one another, often providing a sense of identity and allegiance to the nation-state as opposed to a figure head. It can be influenced by: 1. Religion 2. Language 3. Culture 4. Shared history 5. Geography
400
Government taking a hands off approach to the economy where an "invisible hand" will naturally drive competition and prices is also known as ________________________ economics.
Laissez-faire
400
What are three motivating factors that justify European imperialism?
1. Economic motivations--need for new materials, markets, and labor 2. Social motivations--Possession of land abroad will increase personal social status. 3. Ideological motivations--Ethnocentrism; Racial superiority theory; spread of Christianity.
500
_______________ is the idea that monarchs are chosen by God and may do as they please.
Divine Right
500
Who belongs to the first, second, and third estates respectively?
nobles; clergy; everyone else
500
Compared to Independence movements in Haiti or throughout Latin America, Independence in Brazil was comparatively... A. Reactionary B. Radical C. Conservative
C. Conservative.
500
Why was the first steam engine created? AND what resource did it use to power the engine (to create the steam)?
To pump water from coal mines; it was powered by coal.
500
When colonies are given some degree of internal autonomy, they are under which kind of imperial control?
Indirect control.