Brrr...!
Two Chinas
The Fate of British India
African Decolonization & Conflict
The Changing Middle East
100
This term describes the decades-long period of political hostility and military tension between the United States and the Soviet Union following World War II.
What is the Cold War?
100
This leader of the Chinese Communist Party emerged victorious in 1949 and declared the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
Who is Mao Zedong?
100
He was the prominent leader of the Indian National Congress who used non-violent protests, such as the Salt March, to oppose British rule.
Who is Mahatma Gandhi?
100
Led by Kwame Nkrumah, this former British colony (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African nation to gain independence in 1957.
What is Ghana?
100
The collapse of this traditional Islamic empire after World War I allowed European powers to redraw the borders of the modern Middle East.
What is the Ottoman Empire?
200
To prevent Soviet influence in Western Europe, the U.S. launched this 1948 program, which sent vast amounts of money and goods to help nations rebuild.
What is the Marshall Plan?
200
Following their defeat on the mainland, Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists fled to this island, establishing the Republic of China.
What is Taiwan?
200
This term refers to the 1947 division of British India into two independent nations: a majority-Hindu India and a majority-Muslim Pakistan.
What is Partition?
200
Institutionalized in South Africa after 1945, this legal framework was designed to ensure systematic racial segregation and discrimination.
What is Apartheid?
200
According to recent studies, this environmental threat is predicted to expand from the Sahara to much of the Middle East by the year 2070.
What is global climate change?
300
Formed in 1949, this military organization was created by Western nations to defend against potential Soviet aggression.
What is NATO?
300
Mao Zedong's "Great Leap Forward" forced 26,000 onto these to increase production, but ultimately led to a massive famine.
What are communal farms?
300
This group, led by Gandhi and Nehru, demanded the British leave India first before supporting the Allied effort in WWII.
What is the Indian National Congress?
300
This leader of the African National Congress spent 27 years in prison, yet became president of South Africa in 1994.
Who is Nelson Mandela? 
300
The Balfour Declaration, issued by the British government during World War I, announced support for the establishment of this nation, which would actually not be founded until after the Holocaust in WWII.
What is Israel?
400
At these two 1945 conferences, the "Big Three" leaders finalized plans for the post-war world and the division of Germany.
What are the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences?
400
To demand democratic reforms in 1989, approximately 100,000 students occupied this Beijing landmark, leading to a violent military crackdown and the iconic "Tank Man" image
What is Tiananmen Square?
400
The Radcliffe Line was drawn by a British commission to geographically separate these two nations.
What are India and Pakistan.
400
This terrorist organization, which emerged in northeast Nigeria in 2002, uses a name that translates to "Western learning is sinful."
What is Boko Haram?
400
Mustafa Kemal founded this modern Republic and implemented secular reforms like a new legal code and universal suffrage
What is Turkey?
500
This was the official military code name for the massive 1948 airlift that successfully broke the Berlin Blockade.
What is "Operation Vittles"?
500
This ethnic group in the Xinjiang region has faced government crackdowns and "re-education" camps due to separatist movements.
Who are the Uighurs?
500
Conflict continues today over this northern princely state, which had a Hindu ruler but a Muslim majority subjects at the time of Partition
What is (Jammu and) Kashmir?
500
The Ooni of Ife serves as a spiritual and cultural leader for 40 million Yoruba people in this country.
What is Nigeria?
500
This political ideology, which gained popularity after WWI, sought to create a unified, secular state for all Arabic-speaking peoples.
What is Arab Nationalism?