Industrialization
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin in the late 1700s?
Great Britain
What was the main goal of the Congress of Vienna?
Restore stability and a balance of power in Europe after Napoleon
Which region of Africa was colonized by Belgium for its rubber trees?
The Congo
In what country did the Boxer Rebellion occur?
China
What country experienced the Revolution of 1905?
Russia
What invention had the greatest impact on the First Industrial Revolution?
The steam engine.
Which empire was called the "Sick Man of Europe" in the 19th century?
The Ottoman Empire
Which European nations had the greatest influence in Africa in the early 1900s?
Britain and France
Meiji Restoration/ Meiji era
Which immigrant group came to the U.S. West Coast in large numbers to work on the Transcontinental Railroad?
Chinese
What population change did the early factory system encourage?
Urbanization
Who united Germany under Prussian leadership?
Otto von Bismarck.
Guam, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico came under U.S. control following which conflict?
The Spanish-American War (1898)
What was an outcome of the Opium Wars?
China was forced to accept unequal treaties and open ports to foreign trade
What famine began in 1845 when disease destroyed the main food crop and led to mass migration to the United States?
The Irish Potato Famine
Name two negative outcomes of rapid industrialization and urbanization
Examples include overcrowding, pollution, poor sanitation, unsafe working conditions
What was a major obstacle to German unification in the mid-1800s?
Political division among German states and rivalry between Prussia and Austria.
Which country did the Open Door Policy call for open trade with?
China
What resulted from Commodore Matthew Perry's visits to Japan in 1853 and 1854?
Japan was pressured to open to trade and diplomatic relations with the United States.
In what year did the U.S. Congress pass the Chinese Exclusion Act?
1882
How did industrialization encourage imperial expansion?
Industrialized countries sought raw materials and new markets for manufactured goods
How did nationalism lead to political changes in Europe?
It encouraged the unification of states such as Germany and Italy and challenged multinational empires (Ottoman Empire and Austria Hungary)
What economic motives encouraged European imperialism in Africa?
Access to raw materials and markets for manufactured goods.
Why was the Russo-Japanese War a significant shift in imperial power?
Japan's victory showed that an Asian power could defeat a major European power.
What term describes immigrant communities living near one another for easier access to labor, markets, credit, and business information?
Ethnic Enclaves