Deadly Diseases
The spread of a disease over a whole country or the world.
What is a Pandemic?
Epidemiological studies and activities with descriptive components that are much stronger than their analytic components
What is Descriptive Epidemiology?
Intervening before health effects occur
What is primary prevention?
Infections that spread when bacteria or viruses travel on dust particles or small respiratory droplets that become aerosolized when an infected person sneezes or coughs.
What is airborne transmission?
A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
What is a pathogen?
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
What is an Epidemic?
a set of standard criteria for classifying whether a person has a particular disease, syndrome, or other health condition.
What is case definition?
Prevention that does not require action by an individual for protection to occur.
What is passive primary prevention?
An infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread
What is Direct transmission?
A person with inapparent infection who is capable of transmitting the pathogen to others
Who is a carrier?
The capacity of a given intervention under ideal or controlled conditions.
What is Efficacy?
The first documented patient in a disease epidemic within a population
What is index case?
Screening to identify diseases in the earliest stages, before the onset of signs and symptoms.
What is secondary prevention?
The transfer of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a host by suspended air particles
What is Indirect transmission?
An infected individual who can transmit the disease to others.
Who is an active carrier?
The ability of an intervention to have a meaningful effect on patients in normal clinical conditions.
What is Effectiveness?
A model for explaining the organism causing the disease and the conditions that allow it to reproduce and spread.
What is the epidemiology triangle?
Aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects.
What is tertiary prevention?
How an infectious agent, or pathogen, can be transferred from one person, object, or animal, to another.
What are Modes of Transmission?
Those who never experience symptoms despite being infected
Who is a passive carrier?
A group of persons are all exposed to an infectious agent or a toxin from the same source.
What is common-source?
objects or materials which are likely to carry infection, such as clothes, utensils, and furniture.
What is fomite?
The infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.
What is the chain of infection?
Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding anthropods
What is vector-borne transmission?
Any vehicle, often a virus or a plasmid that is used to ferry a desired DNA sequence into a host cell as part of a molecular cloning procedure
What is a vector?