Gravity & Inertia
This force pulls objects toward one another and keeps your feet on the ground.
What is gravity?
These are the two ways Earth moves through space.
What are rotation and revolution?
This is what happens to light when it hits an opaque object.
What is it creates a shadow?
This is why we can see the Moon shining in the night sky.
What is because the Moon reflects light from the Sun?
This is what happens when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun, blocking sunlight.
What is a solar eclipse?
The strength of gravity between two objects depends on these two factors.
What are gravity and inertia?
Earth’s rotation causes day and night. About how long does one full rotation take?
What is about 24 hours?
Shadows always form on this side of an object.
What is the opposite side from the light source (the Sun)?
Both the rotation and revolution of the Moon take about this long.
What is about 27.3 days?
This is the darker, central part of a shadow where you would see a total eclipse.
What is the umbra?
These two factors work together to keep Earth orbiting the Sun instead of flying off into space.
What are gravity and inertia?
These two factors work together to cause Earth’s seasons.
What are the tilt of Earth’s axis and Earth’s revolution around the Sun?
These two times of day create the longest shadows.
What are sunrise and sunset?
The round pits on the Moon’s surface are called this.
What are craters?
In this type of eclipse, the Earth is between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Moon to appear reddish.
What is a lunar eclipse?
The sun has a much stronger gravitational pull than Earth because it has more of this.
What is mass?
When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, it is this season there and this season in the Southern Hemisphere.
What is summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the Southern Hemisphere?
At this time of day, the Sun is high in the sky, and shadows are at their shortest.
What is noon (midday)?
This is the name of the phase when the right half of the Moon is lit up.
What is the First Quarter?
These tides happen when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are in a straight line, creating the greatest difference between high and low tides.
What are spring tides?
If Earth suddenly stopped moving forward in its orbit (no more inertia), this is what would happen to Earth because of gravity.
What is it would get pulled straight into the Sun?
This happens twice a year when there is equal day and night on or around these two dates.
What is an equinox, and what are March 21 and September 21?
This is why a shadow’s position changes throughout the day.
What is because the Sun appears to move across the sky as Earth rotates?
During this phase, the Moon looks completely dark from Earth because the side facing us is not lit by the Sun.
What is New Moon?
During a partial eclipse, this part of the shadow covers the Earth or Moon, while this part causes a total eclipse.
What is the penumbra causes a partial eclipse, and the umbra causes a total eclipse?