Terms and People
a sophisticated and powerful civilization in central Mexico whose vast wealth and eventual conquest by Hernán Cortés sparked intense European interest in exploring and colonizing the Americas
AZTEC
The land bridge that no longer exists due to the melting of the ice caps at the end of the last Ice Age
Beringia
This Genoese sailor thought he ported somewhere in Asia when he discovered the Americas
Christopher Columbus
These explorers took to the seas to claim new colonies for Spain
conquistadors
The C in the ACE Method for SAQs
Cite Evidence
formed a powerful confederacy of Native American tribes in northeastern North America that influenced regional trade, military alliances, and later concepts of democratic governance among European settlers
Iroquois
The earliest Americans were said to be hunters of these, like the woolly mammoth.
Big game
The process by which European powers established permanent settlements in the Americas
colonization
The term for mixed Spanish and Native American
mestizo
True or False: An SAQ response is incomplete if the source of information is not referenced.
TRUE
The term for the people of the Adena, Hopewell and Mississippian societies
Mound Builders
Aside from the land bridge theory, this theory suggested that early people traveled by boat along the Pacific coastline to settle in early America
Coastal Migration Theory
When the explorers returned to Europe, they brought new plants and animals with them. The bringing of items from the Eastern to Western hemisphere was called this.
Columbian Exchange
Encomienda
The number of SAQ prompts on the AP Exam
4
a Pueblo religious leader who successfully organized the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, temporarily driving the Spanish out of New Mexico and demonstrating indigenous resistance to Spanish colonial oppression
POPE
One of the North American groups that introduced crops to the Southwest
Hohokam or Anasazi
A reason why Spanish and French colonization differed.
Spanish were after riches OR French wanted to trade/network
The reason why Spain wanted to colonize early America
The allotted time you are given on the AP exam to respond to the SAQs
45 minutes
True or False: Native Americans believed that past generations remained alive to guide the living.
TRUE
Native Americans traded many things, but not this. They regarded it as a source of life, not a commodity to be sold.
LAND
The split (religious) that deepened the rivalries between European nations during the period of American colonization
Reformation
Because of this, the Spanish turned to Africa for slaves
Genocide or thousands of deaths of the Native Americans
What does DBQ stand for?