CKD Basics
This is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the U.S.
What is Diabetes
Adequate hydration is encouraged to prevent kidney stones and UTIs
BPH stands for this.
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?
These medications relax smooth muscle in the bladder neck.
What are alpha-1 blockers (e.g., tamsulosin)?
Orthostatic risk, take at night
Name one symptom of advanced CKD.
What is fatigue, pruritus, nausea, or edema?
How to prevent cyst rupture in PKD
Avoid Contact sports to prevent rupture, but low-impact exercise is encouraged.
Common urinary symptom caused by BPH.
What is urinary hesitancy, weak stream, or nocturia?
These drugs reduce the size of the prostate over time.
What are 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (e.g., finasteride)?
Can take 3-6 months to be effective
Pregnant persons cannot handle.
This accelerates kidney damage.
Hypertension
Rationale: Hypertension accelerates kidney damage in both PKD and Glomerulonephritis, maintaining optimal blood pressure (often with ACE inhibitors or ARBs) is key to slowing progression.
Symptoms of Cyst rupture and UTI
Flank pain and hematuria
This type of medication is avoided in BPH because it tightens smooth muscle.
What are alpha-adrenergic agonists (like pseudoephedrine)?
Minimally invasive procedure to relieve BPH symptoms.
What is TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)?
Diet education to provide to the client with CKD.
Limit potassium and sodium, low-mod protein intake, Fluids monitored.
Rationale:
Limit potassium (Risk of Hyperkalemia), Low-mod protein (decrease workload on kidneys), Limit sodium (BP control)
Fluids are monitored and might be limited at times
Long-term inflammation and damage to the glomeruli
What is Glomerulonephritis
DRE findings in BPH.
What is a smooth, firm, symmetrically enlarged prostate?
Purpose of CBI after TURP
CBI is implemented to prevent clot formation and maintain urine flow.
The nurse is to ensure drainage of fluids to prevent bladder rupture. Encourage fluids
End Stage Renal Disease Symptoms.
Impaired cognition, edema, Proteinuria, anemia, hypertension, anorexia, N/V, and Uremia (pallor or jaundice).
Labs: Urine output and WBC count are decreased, and potassium levels are increased
This should be limited to decrease kidney workload
What is Protein and sodium?
Rationale: Encourage low-sodium, low-protein diet (to reduce kidney workload). A low-to-moderate protein diet is recommended to reduce kidney workload
The "gold standard" surgical procedure for treating severe BPH, often performed using a scope inserted through the urethra, is called..
What is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?
Early symptoms of this disease are the same as for BPH.
What is prostate cancer.
Early symptoms are the same as BPH. Screening and diagnostics required.