Respiratory Anatomy
What is the membrane that surrounds lungs and decreases friction during breathing?
Pleura
What phase of breathing shows air moving into the lungs?
Inspiration or Inhalation
What is the muscle that contracts and moves down during inhalation?
Diaphragm
What is tidal volume?
The amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during a breath
What percentage of the respiratory cycle is inhaled during resting breathing?
40%
What is the primary muscle for inspiration?
Diaphragm
What phase of breathing shows air leaving the lungs?
Expiration or Exhalation
Which muscle group is more active during conversational speech?
Abdominal muscles
What is the pressure that drives airflow inside the alveoli?
Alveolar pressure
What percentage of the respiratory cycle is exhaled during resting breathing?
60%
What is the passageway that connects the larynx and the nasal cavity together?
The pharynx
The diaphragm contracts during __
Inspiration
What muscles lift the ribs up?
External intercostals
What do we call the amount of extra air that is exhaled after normal exhalation?
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Which one is shorter during speech breathing, exhalation or inhalation?
Inhalation
What are the branching airways that take you to the alveoli?
Bronchioles
What is the normal rate of a respiratory cycle?
A typical healthy adult completes about 12 to 20 respiratory cycles per minute at rest. Each cycle lasts roughly 3 to 5 seconds.
What cavity becomes smaller because of the internal intercostals due to expiration?
Thoracic cavity
What is the role of intrapleural pressure?
The pressure within the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and chest wall) is always slightly negative (lower than lung pressure). This suction acts like glue, keeping the lungs adhered to the chest wall so they expand and contract together.
What type of breathing is automatic and is the product of how much oxygen the body needs
Rest breathing
Which lung has three lobes, and which has two lobes?
The right lung has three lobes (superior, middle, inferior), while the left lung has two lobes (superior, inferior) to accommodate the heart.
What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?
The diaphragm contracts and flattens, moving downward to increase the vertical volume of the thoracic cavity.
What role do the external intercostal muscles play in breathing?
Located between the ribs, external intercostals elevate the ribs and sternum during inspiration. This action expands the thoracic cavity in the transverse and anteroposterior dimensions.
What is Tidal Volume (TV)?
The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during one single cycle of quiet, normal breathing. It is typically around 500mL
What type of breathing helps with speech production?
Speech breathing