Lesson 1
Who was first to the Americas?
Vikings
________________ voyages led to new exchanges between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
Christopher Columbus
Spanish soldiers who led military expeditions in the Americas.
Conquistadors
TRUE or FALSE: The Spanish Armada were known for protesting the practices of the Catholic Church.
FALSE
BONUS: What were they called?
__________ used triangular sails that allowed ships to sail against the wind.
Caravels
Viking leader that sailed from Norway to the Americas after being blown off course by a storm.
Lief Eriksson
When he reached the Americas, what did Columbus name the island he landed on?
San Salvador
Led the Spanish over King Moctezuma II and the Aztec empire.
Hernán Cortés
Henry Hudson was the only explorer to sail under two flags. Which two countries did he sail for?
England and the Netherlands
An Italian that sailed under the Spanish flag after having his trip funded by the King and Queen.
Columbus
___________ established a school for sailors and provided financial support that enabled the Portuguese to start exploring the oceans.
Prince Henry the Navigator
How many total voyages did Columbus make to the Americas?
Four
What were all Spanish explorers mainly focused on finding?
GOLD
After Spain lost the war to England, what three countries challenged Spain for power in the Americas?
England/France/the Netherlands
In 1493 Pope Alexander VI, from Spain, decreed the _________________ through the Atlantic Ocean that allowed Spain to claim all lands west of the line.
Line of Demarcation
Give one of the three main reasons the Europeans were motivated for exploration.
1. Find sea routes to Asia for trade.
2. Spread religion
3. High interest in the Asian culture.
First explorer to sail all the way around the world.
Ferdinand Megellan
BONUS: what word means to sail completely around the world?
What is a plantation?
large farm typically dedicated to a single crop.
Jacques Cartier and Samuel de Champlain gave France a claim in the north, in present-day Canada after sailing down which river?
Saint Lawrence
In 1497 ______________ sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and landed in India, winning the European race for a sea route to Asia.
Vasco da Gama
In West Africa, Europeans often traded for what three items?
1. Gold
2. Ivory
3. Slaves
The _______________ is the name given to this transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas.
Columbian Exchange
Explain the encomienda system.
???
What is a charter?
BONUS: Which England explorer was given a charter to set up colonies in present day North Carolina and Virginia?
What was the Spanish Armada?
large fleet of Spanish warships.